Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy that is produce by oscillating electric and magnetic disturbance. It travels at the speed of light as a quantized harmonic wave. The electric and magnetic waves travel perpendicular to each other. Characteristics of waves include amplitude, wavelength, and frequency. The electromagnetic spectrum consists of Radio/TV, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-rays, and Gamma-rays (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)). The longest waves, radio waves, are approximately 103 m in wavelength. As the name implies, radio waves are transmitted by radio broadcasts, TV broadcasts, and even cell phones. The shortest waves, Gamma rays, are approximately 10-12 m in wavelength. Out this huge spectrum, the human eyes can only detect waves from 390 nm to 780 nm. Within this visible range our eyes perceive radiation of different wavelengths (or frequencies) as light of different colors, ranging from red to violet in order of decreasing wavelength. The components of white light—a mixture of all the frequencies of visible light—can be separated by a prism (Figure \(\PageIndex{1b}\)).
diverge. Monochromatic light is light of a single color. White light is a combination of all the colors in … proved with a simple experiment that white light is a combination of light of various colors. He passed … wavelengths. Then a prism separates white light, which is a mixture of all visible wavelengths, into all the
Lasers typically emit light of one or two, well-defined, frequencies (or ‘colours’). However, numerous applications arise if such light can be converted into a broad, multi-frequency (e.g. ‘multi-colour’) comb of laser beams. Applications range from meteorology, sensing and measurements to those potentially in the domain of\ud the emerging research field of attosecond science. We report on detailed investigations of a novel self-organisational effect that can convert laser light into an extremely broad comb of multi-colour beams. The\ud importance of this new effect is that it spontaneously gives rise to an extreme enhancement of the output comb\ud bandwidth, and that constituent frequencies may self-synchronize.\ud \ud The bandwidth generated may extend across the entire visible spectrum, resulting in white light laser output. But, the breadth of new frequencies actually extends well beyond this – into the invisible infra-red and ultra-violet\ud regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The synchronization of so many frequencies can result in attosecond pulses. During the last decade, there have been several reports of contexts [1-3] where efficient broadband\ud frequency comb generation may be possible. We will demonstrate distinctiveness with regard to these known\ud contexts, and summarise results from an exhaustive exploration of this new effect. Moreover, we will compare\ud modelling results with two new analytical models, developed to lend insight into the underlying ph
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