Western Sahara exists as a distinct geopolitical entity due to Spanish colonization and subsequent territorial disputes
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Scholarly and reference sources confirm that Western Sahara's modern status as a distinct, contested geopolitical entity stems directly from its history of Spanish colonization, subsequent decolonization, and ongoing territorial disputes involving neighboring states and indigenous independence movements.
This article explores the origins of the Western Sahara conflict, and the contrasting interpretations of the factors which have kept it as an unresolved conflict after Spanish forces withdrew in 1975. This article shows how Algeria and Morocco continue to disagree on even the most basic facts of the dispute's history, and suggests that the continuation of the dispute is the result of conflicting models of statehood and historical narratives. Also, it explores ways in which developing concepts within political geography have contributed to understanding the ongoing significance of the region for all the parties to the conflict. Additionally, this paper argues that the contemporary contours of the Western Sahara conflict cannot be seen divorced from the larger geopolitical and balance of power developments in the Maghreb region. Algeria- Morocco relations in general and the Western Sahara conflict in particular are not only influenced by the local political, security and social dynamics, but also by the larger systemic and sub-systemic imperatives.
The history of the Western Sahara has been marked by several events that have contributed to the protracted refugee situation in which the Sahrawi people have found themselves since 1975: the Spanish colonization and the subsequent decolonization process, the armed struggles between the indigenous population and the states of Morocco and Mauritania to occupy Western Saharan territory, assassinations and repression of the Sahrawi population, and the economic interests of external agents with regards to mineral resources. Twenty-five years ago, in the hostile environment of the Sahrawi refugee camps, a nursing school was founded. Essentially depending on foreign aid, this school has been responsible for training nursing professionals to meet the healthcare needs of the population. The aim of this paper is to provide an approach to the origin and evolution of nursing education for the Sahrawi refugee camps. The Sahrawi are the only refugee camps in the world to host such nursing schools.
The article considers the issue of belonging to Western Sahara. This research paper provides a brief history of the conflict and shows the parties' positions. The publication includes options for resolving the dispute and highlights the territory's status. It indicates the reasons why the conflict has not been resolved. The author examines the conclusions of the General Assembly, the Security Council and the UN Secretary General. The paper draws readers' attention to the historical claims of Mauritania and Morocco to Western Sahara and the decision of the International Court of Justice on this issue. It also examines the joint activities of the United Nations and the OAU. The paper outlines the point of view of the UN, the OAU and the EU regarding Morocco's actions. The scientific study talks about Spain's position on this issue. The article shows the points of view of such scientists as Bystrov A.A. and Podgornova N.P. and points to their theoretical and practical contributions to science. The publication draws readers' attention to the US President's decision. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the historical, legal and political aspects of the conflict. At the time of writing it, the following research methods were applied: logical (first general information is given, then a transition to a detailed study of the issue's aspects is used); comparative legal (using the example of comparing the Western Sahara and Middle East conflicts); formal legal (when considering two principles of international law) and deductive (used in the conclusion of the paper when drawing up a general output). The article draws attention to the violation of inhabitants' rights of Western Sahara. Based on this, it can be concluded that the territory's population cannot be under the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Morocco. The paper talks about the campaign and the mechanism protecting indigenous population's rights of the territory. The referendum will put an end to the conflict. The United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) was established to conduct the voting. All the conclusions of the main UN bodies enshrine the right of Saharans to self-determination and deny the right of Morocco to exercise sovereignty within the disputed land. This article reflects the author's position. As a scientific novelty, the formulation of specific legal mechanisms for solving the problem is proposed.
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