Viruses are attenuated for vaccines through serial passage or chemical mutagenesis
the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
confidence 85/100
Multiple studies demonstrate that viral attenuation for live vaccines is commonly achieved through techniques such as serial passage in cell cultures or developing specific mutations.
Evidence for · 5
A Molecularly Cloned, Live-Attenuated Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine SA14-14-2 Virus: A Conserved Single Amino Acid in the ij Hairpin of the Viral E Glycoprotein Determines Neurovirulence in Mice
2014 · cited by 44
Paper [1] describes deriving live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine strains via serial intracerebral passage.
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More for · 4
DHAV-1 Inhibits Type I Interferon Signaling to Assist Viral Adaption by Increasing the Expression of SOCS3
2019 · cited by 22
Paper [2] notes that the attenuated duck hepatitis A vaccine strain is cultivated through serial passage in chicken embryos.
Attenuated African swine fever virus through serial passaging of viruses in cell culture: a brief review on the knowledge gathered during 60 years of research
2022 · cited by 15
Paper [4] reviews the production of attenuated African swine fever virus strains through serial passaging in cell culture.
Passage-attenuated Powassan virus LI9P protects mice from lethal LI9 challenge and links envelope residue D308 to neurovirulence
2025 · cited by 7
Paper [9] reports isolating an attenuated Powassan virus strain via serial passage in cell culture.
Two mutations in NS2B are responsible for attenuation of the yellow fever virus (YFV) vaccine strain 17D
2025 · cited by 5
Paper [11] details how the classic yellow fever 17D vaccine was developed through extensive serial passage of the virulent Asibi strain.