Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays like the Oh-My-God particle approach the theoretical GZK limit
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Scientific literature discusses ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, such as the Oh-My-God particle, exceeding or tending towards the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) limit.
We demonstrate that ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) with energies exceed- ing the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff of ∼5 × 1019 eV are protons that have escaped GZK pion-photoproduction losses by executing a bulk geodesic excursion in the five-dimensional Anti-de Sitter bulk of the One-Octonion Brane-Bulk Framework. The mechanism is a direct extension of Paper CXXXI's quantum tunneling result (lo- cal hyperbolic tension relief as bulk gateway) applied to macroscopic nuclear-density environments at extreme astrophysical sources. Three observational facts that are in- dividually mysterious in standard ΛCDM are explained simultaneously and without free parameters: (i) the Oh-My-God particle (3.2 × 1020 eV) and Amaterasu particle (2.4×1020 eV) are consistent with proton composition yet would require physically im- possible initial energies on the brane; (ii) both super-GZK events trace back to empty space or the Local Void, not known high-energy sources; and (iii) the Telescope Array reports a ∼20◦-radius UHECR warm spot in the direction of Ursa Major, which is Part of the One-Octonion Brane-Bulk Framework series. Anchor DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19120873. Community: one-octonion-brane-bulk. Author: Bharathi Dasan Jagadeesan, M.D., University of Minnesota. ORCID: 0000-0002-1143-941X.
One of the current and greatest mysteries of astro- physics, the origin of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) with energies > 1020 eV, cannot be explained by known observ- able astrophysical sources. Specifically, the fact that the arrival directions of the "Amaterasu" and "Oh-My-God" particles point to a cosmic "Local Void" renders standard acceleration models insufficient. This paper presents a new theoretical framework to explain these anomalies: The particles were accelerated via the Penrose process (or the Blandford-Znajek mechanism) in the ergosphere of passive Kerr black holes that lack an active accretion disk. While our model dictates that the source must reside in the local universe due to the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff, it resolves the observed void illusion through the dynamics of magnetic deflection (Z-Rigidity) depending on the particle’s atomic number (Z), dividing the phenomenon into heavy nucleus and light particle scenarios. Index Terms—UHECR, Amaterasu particle, Kerr Black Holes, Penrose Process, GZK Cutoff, Magnetic Rigidity
AbstractIn this paper we analyse the energy content of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), and compare this to the experimental result of the energy recorded of the “Oh-my-God” particle in Utah, October 1991, and, using classical Newtonian mechanics, we approximate a value for the velocity of the particle. Given the relativistic velocity of the particle, we use Special Relativity (S. R.) to explain to what extent time dilation affected the particle, and we investigate how it was possible for the proton's energy to tend towards the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) limit. Furthermore, we investigate the possibility of this occurrence being a hint towards the multi-dimensional Universe suggestions of M-theory, due to its velocities which are simply too high for an Einsteinian four-dimensional spacetime.
The Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) limit is a theoretical artifact of continuous spacetime modeling. By applying the General Theory of Correspondence (GTOC) geometric floor of 10^-31 meters, we derive an absolute physical energy ceiling for cosmic rays. This structural limit, calculated strictly at 7.8792 x 10^24 eV, explains ultra-high-energy events such as the Oh-My-God particle as naturally occurring phenomena within the rigid GTOC substrate. Furthermore, this rigid bounded architecture contextualizes the historical failure to observe proton decay (the Super-Kamiokande paradox). Under the GTOC geometric floor, the proton operates as a mathematically locked containment vessel, rendering the decades of definitive null results from underground decay experiments as successful, repeated verifications of absolute structural containment.
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