Trees and woody perennials rely on sophisticated genetic mechanisms, including transcription factor networks and hormone-regulated pathways, to coordinate seasonal development, dormancy, and aging phases.
The claim is specific and testable regarding whether trees have genetic mechanisms for growth regulation and phase termination. Studies on woody perennials such as peach trees (Paper [2]) and ancient trees (Paper [9]) provide direct evidence that specific gene networks (like MADS-box genes) and hormonal pathways regulate developmental progression, phase changes, and aging.