Topical steroid withdrawal is related to secondary adrenal insufficiency
Multiple case reports and clinical studies indicate that chronic or excessive use of topical corticosteroids can suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, leading to secondary adrenal insufficiency and potential crisis upon withdrawal.
The retrieved literature consistently links chronic topical corticosteroid use and subsequent withdrawal to secondary adrenal insufficiency and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression across various patient demographics.
Toshio Suzuki. Diagnosing Beyond Bias: Differentiating Topical Steroid Withdrawal Syndrome From irAE-Induced Adrenal Insufficiency. 2023. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.50272
Discusses diagnosing and differentiating topical steroid withdrawal from other causes of adrenal insufficiency.
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Joana Santos-Oliveira, L. Torrão, Sónia Torres-Costa, Marta Silva, Ana Catarina Pedrosa, Joana Araújo, Luís Figueira, Cláudia Oliveira-Ferreira. Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome and Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency in a Child due to Topical Ocular Corticosteroids: A Case Report. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1159/000543908
Describes a case of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome and secondary adrenal insufficiency caused by topical ocular corticosteroid treatment.
Iwamoto Y, Komi M, Fushimi Y, Kimura T, Shimoda M, Nakanishi S, Aoyama Y, Mune T, Kaneto H. A case of Hailey-Hailey disease accompanied by Cushing's syndrome and adrenal insufficiency due to long-term usage of topical steroids with review of literature.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.ej25-0164
Notes that prolonged topical steroid use can lead to HPA axis suppression and adrenal insufficiency during withdrawal.
Anna Insalaco, S. Vandelli, S. Madeo, P. Bruzzi, Viola Trevisani, B. Predieri, L. Lucaccioni, L. Iughetti. Mometasone Furoate–Induced Iatrogenic Cushing's Syndrome and Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency: A Case Report. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1155/crpe/6109378
Reports a pediatric case of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome and secondary adrenal insufficiency due to prolonged topical corticosteroid administration.
Shanavas Khan S, Yadav R, Maali N, Warrier V, Almezel A. Cushingoid Features and Addisonian Crisis Following Abrupt Withdrawal of Potent Topical Corticosteroids: A Case Report.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.97749
Highlights how abrupt withdrawal of long-term potent topical corticosteroids can precipitate an Addisonian crisis due to underlying adrenal suppression.
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