Thermodynamic entropy increase and the principle of least action both govern physical system trajectories.
Physical system trajectories and optimization pathways are governed by thermodynamic principles and variational frameworks such as the principle of least action.
The retrieved literature contains specific theoretical studies showing how the principle of least action applies to thermodynamic cycles and how entropic formulations utilize variational calculus (Euler-Lagrange behavior) to govern system trajectories. No papers refute the claim, so the balance is supported.
Tian Zhao, Yu-Chao Hua, Zeng-Yuan Guo. The Principle of Least Action for Reversible Thermodynamic Processes and Cycles. 2018. https://doi.org/10.3390/e20070542
Demonstrates how the principle of least action can be applied to reversible thermodynamic processes and cycles using entropy concepts.
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Parker MC, Jeynes C, Walker SD. A Metric for the Entropic Purpose of a System.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/e27020131
Formulates an entropic purposive Lagrangian with proper Euler-Lagrange behavior to establish a principle of least entropic purpose for systems.
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