The unstabilised Wittig reaction selectively forms cis alkenes
The unstabilised Wittig reaction is well-known in organic chemistry for its selectivity in yielding cis (Z) alkenes via kinetic control.
The retrieved papers (specifically [1], [4], and [8]) discuss the mechanism and stereochemical outcome of Wittig reactions, confirming that non-stabilized (unstabilized) phosphonium ylides selectively form cis-oxaphosphetanes and subsequently cis alkenes under kinetic control.
Peter A. Byrne, D. Gilheany. The modern interpretation of the Wittig reaction mechanism.. 2013. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cs60105f
Reviews the mechanism of Wittig reactions and confirms that non-stabilized ylides operate under kinetic control to yield specific stereochemical outcomes.
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Peter A. Byrne, D. Gilheany. Unequivocal experimental evidence for a unified lithium salt-free Wittig reaction mechanism for all phosphonium Ylide types: reactions with β-heteroatom-substituted aldehydes are consistently selective for cis-oxaphosphetane-derived products.. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja300943z
Demonstrates that Wittig reactions involving non-stabilized ylides consistently produce cis-oxaphosphetane-derived products under salt-free conditions.
Paola Farfán, S. Gómez, Albeiro Restrepo. Dissection of the mechanism of the Wittig reaction.. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.9b02224
Details how the transition state of the salt-free Wittig reaction connects the initial C-C bond formation to the stereochemistry of the resulting alkene.
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