The specific filling material inside heat or cold packs affects heat retention efficacy.
The choice and composition of filling materials, such as phase change materials and thermal additives, directly dictate the heat retention and transfer efficacy of thermal packs.
The retrieved literature extensively discusses how different filling materials, compositions, and additives (such as phase change materials, paraffin wax, nano-enhancements, and salt hydrates) directly impact thermal conductivity, heat storage, and overall thermal retention performance. The evidence clearly supports the claim, so the verdict is SUPPORTED.
P. S. N. Masthan Vali, G. Murali. Experimental Study on Thermal Management of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material Integrated Battery Pack. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4064155
Paper [0] demonstrates that modifying phase change materials with various nanomaterials significantly alters the thermal performance and temperature regulation of battery packs.
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P. S. N. Masthan Vali, G. Murali. Battery Thermal Management System on Trapezoidal Battery Pack With Liquid Cooling System Utilizing Phase Change Material. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063355
Paper [1] shows that incorporating high thermal conductivity particles into paraffin wax phase change materials improves heat transfer rates and overall thermal management efficacy.
Zhou D, Yuan J, Zhou F, Liu Y. Fabrication and thermal performance of ternary fatty acid/expanded graphite form-stable composite phase change materials.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2026.116259
Paper [6] establishes that utilizing ternary fatty acid eutectics with porous matrices creates composite phase change materials with suitable latent heat and thermal conductivity for cold chain applications.
Rajagopalan KK, Abedin SMA, Wei P, Sukhishvili SA. Hybrid Polymer-Inorganic Salt Hydrate Materials: Applications for Heat Storage and Beyond.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6c07502
Paper [7] highlights how hybrid polymer-inorganic salt hydrate materials combine specific properties like high heat of fusion for advanced thermal energy storage.
Muhabie AA, Mengesha WG, Yang X. Advances in Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage and Management: Challenges and Enhancement Strategies.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c06952
Paper [8] reviews how phase change materials and their compositions critically determine latent heat capacity and heat absorption effectiveness in thermal management systems.
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