Recent astrometric data from missions like Gaia have allowed astronomers to measure the Milky Way's escape velocity with high precision, establishing empirical estimates near the solar position.
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Substructure at High Speed. II. The Local Escape Velocity and Milky Way Mass with Gaia eDR3
2022 · cited by 25
Necib and Lin (2022) utilize Gaia eDR3 data to robustly measure the escape velocity of the Milky Way at the solar position, finding it to be approximately 445 km/s.
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The Escape Velocity Profile of the Milky Way from Gaia DR3
2024 · cited by 15
Herzog et al. (2024) use Gaia DR3 data to model the escape velocity profile of the Milky Way across various Galactocentric radii.