Stinging nettle (<i>Urtica dioica</i> L.) is a wild herbaceous perennial blooming plant that is commonly known as stinging nettle. It's a common, multi-purpose crop that's sometimes overlooked. Europe, Asia, North Africa, and North America are all home to stinging nettle. It is a plant that's edible and has nutritional and medicinal properties. Young leaves can be used to make curries, herb soups, and sour soups. The root of the stinging nettle is used to treat mictional difficulties associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia, while the leaves are used to treat arthritis, rheumatism, and allergic rhinitis. Its leaves are abundant in fiber, minerals, vitamins, and antioxidant compounds like polyphenols and carotenoids, as well as antioxidant compounds like polyphenols and carotenoids. Stinging nettle has antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-infectious, hypotensive, and antiulcer characteristics, as well as the ability to prevent cardiovascular disease, in all parts of the plant (leaves, stems, roots, and seeds). Stinging nettle improves fish reproductive performance, making it a cost-effective aquaculture plant. Fertilizer and insecticides can be made from the plants. This review examines the nutritional and pharmacological aspects of stinging nettle, as well as its possible health advantages. Scientists, farmers, and academicians interested in stinging nettle collecting, cultivation, research, and development would find this review useful. Stinging nettle is also used as a source of bast fibers for textiles and is occasionally used in cosmetics ( Das and Petruzzello, 2015 ). Commercially, the plants are used to extract chlorophyll, a green coloring ingredient (E140) that is utilized in foods and pharmaceuticals ( Nadiya and Khan, 2016 ). According to various studies, the stinging nettle plant contains biologically active chemicals such as phenols and flavonoids that can help reduce free radical generation produced by modern lifestyle conditions ( Singh and Kali, 2019 ). Nettle tea has a number of health benefits, including reducing skin irritation and alleviating allergy symptoms. In Nepal, stinging nettle is used in IPM (Integrated Pest Management) to keep pests including cabbage butterfly larvae, hairy caterpillars, cutworms, red ants, termites, and aphids at bay ( Sapkota and Shrestha, 2018 ). The chemical compounds in stinging nettle have a variety of health benefits for women. Because of its astringent characteristics, it can relieve unpleasant premenstrual symptoms including cramping and bloating, as well as reduce blood flow during menstruation. Stinging nettle can ease the transition and act as a restorative for women going through menopause, lowering the intensity of the hormonal shift in the body. Acting as a coagulant, stinging nettle can help prevent excessive bleeding. It will also help increase milk production and make breastfeeding more comfortable. The aim of this review is to The polysaccharide fraction of this extract had a similar inhibitory effect on induced rat foot edema as indomethacin ( Wagner et al., 1994 ). Suppression of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, and cytokine synthesis all contribute to its anti-inflammatory effect. 1.9.4 Anti-hypertensive effect Regularly drinking stinging nettle tea can help lower systolic blood pressure as well as relieve tension and stress in the cardiovascular system ( Republica, 2018 ). Blood pressure was reduced by 15% and 38%, respectively, after IV injection of an aqueous extract of nettle leaves at two concentrations: 4 and 24 mg/kg h ( Said et al., 2015 ). It’s been proven that stinging nettle can aid acne patients and even prevent bacterial infections. Its antioxidant capabilities can aid expedite healing, lessen the appearance of scars and blemishes, and improve antiaging benefits to diminish wrinkles and age spots. 1.9.7 Analgesic and antinociceptive properties In vivo, nettle has been shown to have analgesic properties in rats and mice. In a hot plate test at 55 °C, the aqueous extract of the leaves, given at a concentration of 1200 mg/kg, lowers thermal stimulation and increases pain resistance ( Tita et al., 1993 ). UDA is the first of a new class of carbohydrate-binding agents with drug resistance profile that is very specific and targeted. It permits HIV to evade medication pressure by removing the essential glycans on its GP120 ( Balzarini et al., 2005 ). 1.9.9 Anti-allergic activity Stinging nettle has been shown to alleviate a variety of seasonal allergies. In trials, certain stinging nettle extract combinations have been shown to significantly reduce allergic reactions. Regular use of its tea has been connected to the cure of asthma in Australia for years. The anti-allergenic properties of nettle are mostly due to two processes. Stinging nettle’s astringent qualities may help reduce cramps and bloating during menstruation. Because nettle has so many nutrients, it’s no wonder that it’s been used in pregnancy tea for a long time to provide nutritional support. Nettle can help women who are approaching menopause by acting as a restorative for hormonal shifts in the body. Women are more likely to get UTIs than males. As a diuretic, stinging nettle aids in the clearance of more toxins linked to urinary tract infections. The stinging nettle acts as a coagulant, preventing excessive bleeding in women ( Khan, 2018 ). Boron-rich stinging nettle can help to delay the onset of osteoporosis. You may make your bones strong and sturdy by eating nettle. This herb appears to be a one-stop shop ( Khan, 2018 ). 1.9.12 Treating urinary tract infections In herbal therapy, stinging nettle is used to treat urinary tract infections. The use of nettle leaf as a supportive therapy in patients with lower urinary tract infections (together with immunological and antibacterial therapy) and to prevent and treat the formation of urinary stones has been approved by researchers ( Baraibar et al., 1983 ).