Static electromagnetic fields can contain net linear momentum
Multiple classical electrodynamics studies establish that static configurations of electromagnetic fields can indeed possess and store net linear momentum.
The claim addresses whether static electromagnetic fields can contain net linear momentum. Papers [5] and [6] directly investigate and confirm that static or quasistatic electromagnetic systems generated by charges and currents possess net linear momentum. The other papers are largely tangential or cover different topics such as angular momentum, robotics, or nanophotonics. Thus, the evidence strongly supports the claim.
M. G. Calkin. Linear Momentum of Quasistatic Electromagnetic Fields. 1966. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1972282
This study demonstrates that quasistatic electromagnetic fields store linear momentum, which can be quantified through the transverse vector potential and the mechanical impulse required to alter the system.
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M. G. Calkin. Linear Momentum of the Source of a Static Electromagnetic Field. 1971. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1986204
This research shows that a stationary system of charges and currents generating a static electromagnetic field generally possesses net linear momentum.
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