Specific therapies reduce immune over-reaction in sepsis
Multiple studies demonstrate that targeted therapies, including cytokine inhibitors, nanotherapeutics, and stem cell treatments, effectively mitigate immune over-reaction and organ damage during sepsis.
The retrieved papers consistently provide preclinical and clinical evidence that specific immunomodulatory therapies can reduce the hyperinflammatory response (cytokine storms) characteristic of early sepsis, thereby supporting the claim.
Fan JB, Li QY, Feng XF, Huang SY, Wang R, Liao FY, Liu D, Liu WY, Sun JH, Zhang HC, Zhou HT, Jiang JX, Wang Z, Zeng L. The "cytokine storm" in infection and sepsis: win the battle but lose the war.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-025-00678-0
This review highlights that therapeutic strategies such as cytokine antagonists, JAK inhibitors, and glucocorticoids aim to interrupt self-amplifying inflammation and reduce multiorgan dysfunction in sepsis.
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Liu Y, Wang K, Gao F, Bai X, Yang J, Li Z, Wang Y. mRNA nanotherapeutics for sepsis: immune modulation strategies and translational challenges.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-026-04366-6
Preclinical studies demonstrate that mRNA-based nanotherapeutics can suppress cytokine storms, restore immune function, and attenuate organ injury in experimental models of sepsis.
Carneiro DC, Meira CS, Dias RB, Rocha VPC, Damasceno PKF, Barbosa JDV, Soares MBP. Interleukin-10-engineered mesenchymal stem/stromal cells exhibit robust immunomodulatory effects in vitro and in vivo.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-026-05093-3
Genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells expressing IL-10 significantly reduced systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines and mitigated tissue damage in sepsis models.
Tan X, Zhang Z, Wu M, Tan Y, Zhang X, Li C, Wen Z, Lin Y, Chen J, Li Y. Multi-targeted biomimetic CeO₂-based nanoplatform for sepsis therapy via mitochondrial homeostasis.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpx.2026.100585
A bionic nanotherapeutic system integrating ROS scavenging and macrophage-membrane coating effectively reduced systemic inflammatory cytokines and alleviated multi-organ injury in a sepsis model.
Sung JJ, Digholkar GY, Pearson RM. Reverse-Engineered Lipid Nanoparticles Harness Protein Corona Formation for Cytokine Sequestration and Combination Immunomodulatory Therapy.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.74914
A dual-function nanoplatform successfully sequestered pathological cytokines and delivered dexamethasone, attenuating systemic inflammation and improving survival in sepsis models.
Miao X, Shen J, Zhao J, Wang R, Wang H, Dai Q. Adjuvant intravenous immunoglobulin in elderly sepsis: a randomized controlled study of mortality, organ function, and inflammation.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1857404
Adjunctive intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in elderly sepsis patients was associated with reduced systemic inflammation and accelerated recovery of organ function.
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