Specific mental processes improve comprehension of long written sentences
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INSUFFICIENT LEANING
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Retrieved studies indicate that working memory and cognitive processes play a role in discourse and text comprehension, but direct evidence demonstrating specific mental process interventions that improve comprehension of long sentences is only partially supported.
In this paper I have studied how students with poor working memory perceive and reflect over their learning situation. The aim is to illustrate how a poor working memory affects learning and what teachers can do to compensate and make it easier for these students. The empirical part is based on a questionnaire I have implemented with 11 students in year 6-9.My study shows that students with poor working memory have difficulties in retrieveing knowledge since their working memory becomes overloaded and therefor they lack resources for the mental processing that takes place in their brain when they learn. A poor working memory has negative effects on reading comprehension and mathematical processes. It becomes more obvious in tasks that contain a lot of text. Deficits in reading comprehension affects most school subjects in particular the theoretical subjects. There are strategies that teachers can use to compensate for student with poor working memory. There are also specific computer programs that can improve working memory. Keywords: difficulties in concentrating, learning situation, reading comprehension, working memory.
Maintaining health and quality of life into old age is a critical issue facing society today. Language, and in particular language comprehension, is vulnerable to the processes of ageing (Au, Albert, & Obler, 1989; Kynette & Kemper, 1986; Nicholas, Obler, Albert, & Goodglass, 1985; Shewan & Henderson, 1988). An improved understanding of language processing and ageing will assist in distinguishing language difficulties in normal ageing from those in pathological ageing and aphasia (Maxim & Bryan, 1994) and, potentially, optimises communication throughout life. The current thesis focuses on a specific component of language comprehension - anaphora resolution . Anaphora resolution occurs frequently in everyday discourse and has been reported to decline with ageing (Cohen, 1979; Light & Capps, 1986; Ulatowska, Hayashi, Cannito, & Fleming, 1986). This thesis explored anaphora resolution relative to two key variables: ageing and working memory. Ageing was chosen as a variable as anaphora resolution has been shown to be affected by age (Cohen, 1979; Light & Capps, 1986; Ulatowska et al., 1986). Working memory was chosen as working memory is thought to underlie key aspects of discourse comprehension such as building a mental structure of discourse and updating the information (Brébion, 2003; Hasher & Zacks, 1988; Radvansky, Copeland, & Hippel, 2010; Radvansky, Lynchard, & von Hippel, 2009). Anaphora resolution was investigated using two key paradigms. The first focussed on anaphora r
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