The wdlpOst dictionary writing system to be presented in this paper has been developed for the specific purposes of a lexicographical project on German loanwords in the East Slavic languages Russian, Belarusian, and Ukrainian. The project’s main objectives are (i) to document those loanwords for which a cognate lexical borrowing from German is known in Polish and (ii) to establish possible borrowing pathways for these lexical items. In the first phase of the project, the collaborative client/server architecture of the wdlpOst system has been used for excerpting detailed lexicographical informa

This article highlights the acquiring principles of lexical, morphological and syntactic borrowings and their specific linguistic aspects in the Uzbek language. In the clarification of these issues, we relied on the experience of scholars who have conducted research on the lexicon of the Uzbek language.
 PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) 58(1): 4998-5002 ISSN: 00333077 4998 www.psychologyandeducation.net REVIEWS ON THE USAGE OF SPECIFIC BORROWED UNITS IN THE LEXICON OF THE UZBEK LANGUAGE Khadicha Bobojonova Independent Researcher, Department of Uzbek Linguistics, Urgench State University, Urgench, Uzbekistan. ABSTRACT This article highlights the acquiring principles of lexical, morphological and syntactic borrowings and their specific linguistic aspects in the Uzbek language . In the clarification of these issues , we relied on the experience of scholars who have conducted research on the lexicon of the Uzbek language. Whereas o ur language came across with the ancient Indian (Sanskrit) and ancient Iranian languages in the ancient history (III-II centuries BC and VII-VIII centuries AD), while in certain periods of history (VIII -XII centuries) , it was influenced by Arabic languages . will come. Our language, which came into contact with the Mongol-Chinese languages in the 13th century, developed under the strong influence of Russian - European languages from the second half of the 19th century to the end of the 20th century. This, in turn, provides the basic facts for explaining the processes of formation of the current image of the Uzbek language. Several Uzbek linguists have expressed their ideas on the issue of borrowings in different linguistic layers of the Uzbek language in their works. One of the most significant work of them is "Lexical layers of the modern Uzbek literary language" by E. Begmatov. Moreover, most of our scholars who have studied the lexicon of the modern Uzbek language have learn ed certain ideas about borrowings in the language . In particular, in scientific publications such as "Lexicology of the Uzbek language" (1981), published under the edition of A.Khojiev and A.Akhmedov, "Modern Uzbek literary language" by H.Jamalkhanov (2005), "Modern literary Uzbek language" by Sh.Rakhmatullayev (2006), and “Lexicon of the Old Turkic Literary Language" (2015) by B. Abdushukurov , some scientific observations have been made on this issue. PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) 58(1): 4998-5002 ISSN: 00333077 4999 www.psychologyandeducation.net Furthermore, most of the dissertations defended in the field of lexicon in recent years have to some extent drawn conclusions and generalizations on the borrowed units to a certain extent. External sources usually refer to the enrichment of vocabulary through the borrowing of words from other languages. Due to the connection of the Uzbek language with other non -related languages, a certain number of words have Taking into the consideration that our motherland has also risen to hi gh levels of development in certain periods of history, and that it has spread to the whole world as a hotbed of science, these views are not very unbased. As N.A. Baskakov wrote, a number of lexical units from Turkic languages were transferred to Russian and through it to Western European languages in the XVI - XVII centuries. However, by the XX century, the inverse of the above phenomenon began to take effect , it is known from researches that through Russian, European-specific units were transferred to Turkic languages, in particular, the Uzbek language began to borrow linguistic units. There are also scientific sources about the adoption of Turkish linguistic units in Persian and Arabic, which proves once again that this process is not on e- sided. Researches have shown that the presence of certain linguistic units in a language does not indicate that it is a unit of a language. For example, a number of factors need to be taken into account when determining from which language a linguistic u nit, which is equally used in Uzbek, Persian, Arabic, or Russian -European languages, has been borrowed. This is not a simple phenomenon. It is true that in most scientific publications published so far, our language has always been in the background. Although some of the above affixes are used in the content of borrowings of those languages (thi s is mainly the case with affixes in Arabic), the vast majority of them are used with the units of pure Uzbek language. At the same time, it is not in line with our modern linguistic principles to consider words with suffixes that are used only in the lexe mes of other languages as " root words". Therefore, we believe that such affixes can be considered as affixed morphemes. In m any studies conducted since the second half of the last century , majority of affixal assimilations, borrowed from the Russian language have been referred as a morphological borrowings in the Uzbek language . In particular, in many branches of the scientific style, there was a need for the affixes mentioned in the description of various scientific issues. There is another group of morphological units borrowed from the Persian languages, which we refer to as affixoids, based on the scientific PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) 58(1): 4998-5002 ISSN: 00333077 5001 www.psychologyandeducation.net literature, as they can also be evaluated as lexical units when appropriate. There are specific principles for the borrowings of elements of other languages, the process of borrowing does not take place in a chaotic manner, but is based on certain linguistic laws. Borrowed linguistic units can consist not only of words (lexemes), but also affixes, phraseological units, figurative expressions (paraphrases) of various forms, units of euphemistic compliments in communication. We would like to draw your attention to another aspect. Several factors need to be considered when evaluating the phenomenon of borrowing a particular unit from one language to another.