Single motherhood has faced social stigmatization across various historical periods
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Historical and cross-cultural literature indicates that single motherhood has encountered social stigmatization, marginalization, and exclusion across various geographical and historical contexts.
Assistive reproductive technologies are increasingly used to control the biology of fertility and its temporality. Combining historical, theoretical, and socio-empirical insights, this paper aims at expanding our understanding of the way temporality emerges and is negotiated in the contemporary practice of cryopreservation of reproductive materials. We first present an historical overview of the practice of cryo-fertility to indicate the co-production of technology and social constructions of temporality. We then apply a theoretical framework for analysing cryobiology and cryopreservation technologies as creating a new epistemic perspective interconnecting biology and temporality. Thereafter, we focus on the case of 'social egg freezing' (SEF) to present socio-empirical findings illustrating different reproductive temporalities and their connection to the social acceptance of and expectations towards the practice. SEF is a particularly interesting case as it aims to enable women to disconnect their reproductive potential from their biological rhythms. Based on 39 open interviews with Israeli and German SEF users, the cross-cultural comparative findings reveal three types of attitudes: postponing motherhood/reproductive decisions (German users); singlehood and "waiting" for a partner (Israeli and German users); and the planning of and hope for multiple children (Israeli users). For theory building, this analysis uncovers temporality formations embedded in gender and reproductive moral values; including the 'extended present', 'waiting', and 'reproductive futurism'. We conclude by discussing the contribution of our findings by advancing the theoretical framework of 'cryopolitics' highlighting the theoretical implications and importance of gendered and cultural imaginaries (re)constructing medical technological innovations and related temporalities.
Divorced and unwed single motherhood is heavily stigmatized in Chinese cultural context, preventing Chinese single mothers from actively seeking the information and support needed and negatively impacting their wellbeing. Drawing on the theory of motivated information management (TMIM), this study tested how perceived stigma and cultural norms influenced Chinese single mothers' search for information and social support from families, friends as well as from online communities. Using two-wave data collected from 226 single mothers, findings support the utility of the TMIM in explaining information management and support seeking behaviors and contribute to situating the TMIM process within larger socio-cultural contexts. Practical implications regarding how to facilitate more effective uncertainty management and enhance Chinese single mothers' wellbeing in interpersonal vs. online contexts are discussed.
... has defended pro- grams against punitive policies and large budget cuts. treated applicants differently based on a ... single motherhood while upholding the traditional gender division of labor and women's economic dependence on ...
The Encyclopedia of Social Welfare History in North America is a unique reference work that provides readers with basic information about the history of social welfare in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. The intent of the encyclopedia is to provide readers with information about how these three nations have dealt with social welfare issues, some similar across borders, others unique, as well as to describe important events, developments, and the lives and work of some key contributors to social welfare developments. In choosing a continental focus, editors John M. Herrick and Paul H. Stuart encourage readers to explore cross-national and comparative work in the development of social welfare history. The Encyclopedia defines social welfare broadly to include education, informal mutual
This study examines Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, focusing on Hester Prynne’s role in both challenging and reinforcing androcentric narratives of widowhood and single motherhood. By transforming Hester’s isolation as a widow into public shame as an adulteress, the novel’s androcentric narrative exposes gender biases and double standards that distort societal perceptions of female transgression. This reflects the broader social stigmatization experienced by women in conservative societies. Employing a “Gynocentric” lens, this research explores how Hester’s economic independence and resilience transform the “scarlet letter” from a mark of shame into a symbol of defiance and autonomy. The roles of Arthur Dimmesdale and Roger Chillingworth further illuminate the “masculine mask” that exacerbate Hester’s marginalization. It revealing an androcentric structure that subjects women to moral scrutiny while safeguarding male privilege. Through a close reading of the text, this study critiques these biases and exposes persistent inequalities in the treatment of women, particularly in the absence of male figures. This research contributes to literary scholarship by offering a nuanced interpretation of gender roles in The Scarlet Letter, advocating for a re-evaluation of androcentric narratives, and emphasizing the need for more inclusive representations of societal attitudes towards single women. Finally, the study underscores the importance of addressing both historical and
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