Seismic travel times differ based on factors other than distance.
Seismic travel times are influenced by structural heterogeneities, composition, and temperature variations within the Earth's interior, meaning they depend on factors other than distance alone.
The retrieved papers consistently demonstrate that seismic travel times and wave speeds vary due to internal structural heterogeneities, lateral velocity variations, thermal anomalies, and compositional differences in the Earth's mantle and core, directly supporting the claim.
C. Piromallo, A. Morelli. Imaging the Mediterranean upper mantle by p- wave travel time tomography. 1997. https://doi.org/10.4401/AG-3890
P-wave travel times show strong lateral variations associated with structural heterogeneity in the crust and mantle.
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I. G. Dricker, S. W. Roecker. Lateral heterogeneity in the upper mantle beneath the Tibetan plateau and its surroundings from SS‐S travel time residuals. 2002. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jb000797
Differential travel times reveal upper mantle lateral heterogeneity and wave speed variations across the Tibetan plateau.
Park RS, Berne A, Konopliv AS, Keane JT, Matsuyama I, Nimmo F, Rovira-Navarro M, Panning MP, Simons M, Stevenson DJ, Weber RC. Thermal asymmetry in the Moon's mantle inferred from monthly tidal response.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08949-5
Monthly tidal response measurements demonstrate lateral variations in mantle elastic properties and internal structure.
Ma X, Tkalčić H. Seismic low-velocity equatorial torus in the Earth's outer core: Evidence from the late-coda correlation wavefield.. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adn5562
Global coda correlation wavefields show systematic travel time and velocity variations in the outer core depending on wave paths.
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