Excessive sebum production and microbial overgrowth—particularly involving Malassezia species—play a central role in the pathogenesis of oily scalps, dandruff, and associated itching or seborrheic dermatitis.
The retrieved papers consistently support the premise that excessive sebum accumulation and microbial interactions or overgrowth (such as Malassezia) are key drivers of oily scalps, pruritus (itching), and seborrheic dermatitis.