Historical evidence strongly supports the claim that Safavid rulers mandated and enforced the conversion of their subjects to Twelver Shi'a Islam following the establishment of their empire in 1501.
The retrieved papers consistently document that upon founding the Safavid Empire, Shah Ismail and subsequent rulers officially declared Twelver Shi'ism as the state religion and actively imposed or mandated conversion among the population, employing political, psychological, and physical pressures to achieve this goal.