RNA primers serve a specific function in DNA replication
RNA primers are essential for DNA replication, as primase enzymes synthesize short RNA sequences that provide the free 3'-OH group required by DNA polymerases to begin DNA strand elongation.
The claim is specific, empirical, and contestable (it makes a precise biochemical statement about the role of RNA primers in DNA replication). Retrieved papers 0 through 4 provide extensive biochemical evidence across multiple organisms (mammals, yeast, humans, and viruses) showing that primases synthesize RNA primers to initiate DNA replication. Thus, the claim is clearly supported by the evidence.
William C. Copeland, Teresa S.-F. Wang. Enzymatic characterization of the individual mammalian primase subunits reveals a biphasic mechanism for initiation of DNA replication.. 1993. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(19)74297-5
Demonstrates that mammalian primase subunits initiate DNA replication by extending or synthesizing RNA primers.
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T. Wong, D. Clayton. Isolation and characterization of a DNA primase from human mitochondria.. 1985. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(17)39063-4
Shows that human mitochondrial primase synthesizes RNA primers that are covalently linked to nascent DNA during replication initiation.
B. Tseng, C. Ahlem. A DNA primase from mouse cells. Purification and partial characterization.. 1983. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(17)44575-3
Purifies a mouse DNA primase that synthesizes oligoribonucleotides serving as primers to initiate DNA synthesis.
Bo Zhou, Diana R. Arnett, X. Yu, A. Brewster, Gregory A. Sowd, C. Xie, S. Vila, D. Gai, E. Fanning, Xiaojiang S. Chen. Structural Basis for the Interaction of a Hexameric Replicative Helicase with the Regulatory Subunit of Human DNA Polymerase α-Primase*. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.363655
Notes that the eukaryotic DNA polymerase alpha-primase complex plays an essential role by initiating synthesis of the leading strand and Okazaki fragments with an RNA primer.
M. Brooks, L. B. Dumas. DNA primase isolated from the yeast DNA primase-DNA polymerase complex. Immunoaffinity purification and analysis of RNA primer synthesis.. 1989. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)94109-8
Finds that yeast DNA primase is an RNA-polymerizing enzyme that specifically synthesizes RNA oligomers to function as primers in replication.
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