In the 21st century, global transport systems are undergoing a profound transformation driven by environmental challenges and technological advancements. Sustainable transport has emerged as a key development vector, involving not only the gradual elimination of internal combustion engines but also a redefinition of mobility principles.A central trend is the electrification of transport. Major automakers have announced plans to phase out petrol-powered vehicles, while charging infrastructure is rapidly expanding across Europe, North America, and China, enhancing the everyday practicality of electric vehicles.Digitalization is another crucial direction. Cities are adopting intelligent traffic management systems – adaptive traffic signals, real-time congestion monitoring, and smart parking solutions. Urban mobility control centers in cities such as Singapore, Barcelona, and Tokyo use AI and machine learning to streamline traffic flows, reduce emissions, and improve travel efficiency.The «Mobility as a Service» model is also gaining momentum. It offers users access to various transport modes – public transit, bike-sharing, car-sharing, and taxis – via a single platform or app. This system, already operational in Berlin, Helsinki, Stockholm, and Paris, promotes multimodal transport and reduces reliance on private vehicles.Equally important is the transformation of urban space. The «15-minute city» concept ensures essential services are reachable within 15 minutes on foot or by bi