Quantum effects occurred in the early universe without an observer
Cosmological models and theoretical analyses routinely incorporate early-universe quantum effects, such as vacuum fluctuations and entanglement asymmetry, demonstrating that quantum phenomena occurred prior to the presence of any observers.
The claim touches upon the foundation of cosmic inflation and early universe quantum mechanics, where quantum fluctuations (such as those studied in papers 1 and 4) and quantum entanglement (paper 3) are treated as objective physical processes that occurred long before any conscious observers existed. None of the retrieved papers refute this standard cosmological assumption.
Neukart F. Quantum Entanglement Asymmetry and the Cosmic Matter-Antimatter Imbalance: A Theoretical and Observational Analysis.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/e27020103
Paper [3] explores quantum entanglement asymmetry in the early universe to explain matter-antimatter imbalance, operating under the standard assumption of quantum mechanical processes occurring prior to macroscopic observation.
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Ken-ji Hamada. Study of Nonlinear Evolution of Spacetime Fluctuations in Quantum Gravity Inflation for Deriving Primordial Spectrum. 2024. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe10010033
Paper [4] investigates the quantum fluctuations of gravity during inflation, analyzing how early quantum states evolved into primordial spectra without requiring conscious or external observers.
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