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the claim
Physical space can be torn in topology and general relativity
the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
refutedsupported
the weight of evidence
4 sources for · 0 against

Theoretical physics and general relativity allow for non-trivial changes in the topology of space and spacetime, as explored through concepts like spacetime foam and topology change.

Evidence for · 4
A new type of nonsingular black-hole solution in general relativity
2013 · cited by 35
Discusses topology change near the center of solutions and quantum-gravity effects.
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The analysis

Judged against the evidence record for claims of this kind.

More for · 3
Topology Change of Spacetime and Resolution of Spacetime Singularity in Emergent Gravity
2012 · cited by 13
Discusses topology change of spacetime in emergent gravity and noncommutative spacetime.
Spacetime foam: a review.
2023 · cited by 4
Reviews Wheeler's spacetime foam leading to fluctuations in geometry and topology.
Wikipedia: General relativity
cited by 0
Reference article covering this claim directly
Everything we examined (23)
  1. Wikipedia: General relativityreferencesupports
  2. Book: Delaware Seminar in the Foundations of Physicsreferencesupportsnot shown: a book whose author and subject did not establish authority here
  3. Internet Archive: RAAG memoirs of the unifying study of basic problems in engineering and physical sciences by means of geometryreferenceno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  4. Plenum Press: Old and new questions in physics, cosmology, philosophy, and theoretical biology : essays in honor of Wolfgang Yourgraureferenceno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  5. Chicago [u.a.] Encyclopaedia Britannica: Encyclopaedia Britannicareferenceno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  6. Chicago, Encyclopaedia Britannica: Encyclopaedia Britannica, a new survey of universal knowledgereferenceno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  7. Enc. Britannica: Encyclopaedia Britannica. 22, Textile to vascular systemreferenceno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  8. Chicago, Encyclopædia Britannica: Encyclopædia Britannica; a new survey of universal knowledgereferenceno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  9. McGraw-Hill: McGraw-Hill dictionary of scientific and technical termsreferenceno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  10. OpenAIRE: Electromagnetism of Hamzah : A Rewriting of Classical Laws from Force to Algorithmic Trafficpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  11. OpenAIRE: The Nexus Framework: A Unified Meta-Computational Ontology of Recursive Harmonic Foldingpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  12. NASA Technical Reports Server: Payload bay doors and radiator panels familiarization handbookprimary-datano side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  13. NASA Technical Reports Server: Physical and Dynamical Origins of Lightning Jumpsprimary-datano side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  14. NASA Technical Reports Server: Use of DSC and DMA to Study Rubber Crystallization as a Possible Cause for a Tear in a Neoprene Glove Used in a Space Shuttle Pressurized Astronaut Suitprimary-datano side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  15. NASA Technical Reports Server: The Use of Remote Sensing Data for Advancing America's Energy Policyprimary-datano side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  16. NASA Technical Reports Server: A Sounding-based Severe Weather Tool to Support Daily Operations at Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Stationprimary-datano side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  17. Nature Nanotechnology: Super-moiré spin textures in twisted two-dimensional antiferromagnetspeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  18. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences: The Spatial and Temporal Variability of the Clear Convective Boundary Layer at the ARM SGP Supersitepeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  19. Physical Review Research: Randomized low-rank decompositions of nuclear three-body interactionspeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  20. Nature Physics: Robust supermoiré pattern in large-angle single-twist bilayerspeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  21. A new type of nonsingular black-hole solution in general relativitypeer-reviewedsupports
  22. Topology Change of Spacetime and Resolution of Spacetime Singularity in Emergent Gravitypeer-reviewedsupports
  23. Spacetime foam: a review.peer-reviewedsupports
The paper trail · every fact has a biography
first checked05 Aug 2026
judged → SUPPORTED · 8505 Aug 2026
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