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the claim
Perceptual defense and cognitive avoidance remain recognized psychological mechanisms
the verdict
INSUFFICIENT LEANING
refutedsupported
the weight of evidence
3 sources for · 0 against

The retrieved records contain passing historical citations and indirect references regarding perceptual defense and avoidance, but do not comprehensively establish their current status as recognized psychological mechanisms.

Evidence for · 3
PubMed: Assessing elements of women's decisions about mammography.
cited by 0
Assessing elements of women's decisions about mammography. We investigated motivational and cognitive processes of behavior change with respect to mammography screening. One hundred forty-two women (ages 40 and older) recruited from three worksites answered a 41-item questionnaire consisting of statements based on constructs from the transtheoretical model of behavior change. Principal-components analysis identified two factors: a six-item component representing positive perceptions of mammography (Pros) and a six-item component representing avoidance of mammography (Cons). Analysis of variance showed that Pros, Cons, and a derived Decisional Balance measure (Pros minus Cons) were associated with stage of mammography adoption. Results are consistent with applications of the model to smoking cessation. The model is also discussed as it relates to other theories of behavior change and as a general strategy for analyzing perceptual data pertinent to health-related actions and intentions for behavioral change. Published in Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association (1992)
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The analysis

rails:sufficiency:partial_only:for=0+3p:against=0+0p | v55:multi_partial_one_side:lean=lean_partial:for:one_sided

More for · 2
Perceptual Defense and Perceptual Sensitization under Neutral and Involved Conditions *
cited by 0
Perceptual Defense and Perceptual Sensitization under Neutral and Involved Conditions\* - STEIN - 1953 - Journal of Personality - Wiley Online Library Opens in a new windowOpens an external websiteOpens an external website in a new window Close this dialog This website utilizes technologies such as cookies to enable essential site functionality, as well as for analytics, personalization, and targeted advertising.To learn more, view the following link:[Privacy Policy](https://www.wiley.com/privacy) Close Cookie Preferences [![Wiley Online Library](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/pb-assets/hub-assets/pericles/logo-header-1690978619437.png)](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/) [![Wiley Online Library](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/pb-assets/hub-assets/pericles/mobilehublogo-1690978876347.png)](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/) ** Search withinThis JournalAnywhere * Search term [Advanced Search](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/search/advanced?publication=14676494)[Citation Search](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/search/advanced?publication=14676494#citation) * Search term [Advanced Search](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/search/advanced)[Citation Search](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com
Perceptual Defense, a Replication
cited by 0
Perceptual Defense, a Replication - Michael W. York, Tarek Mandour, Steve Jex, 1984 [Skip to main content](#skipNavigationTo) Intended for healthcare professionals [![Sage Journals Home](https://journals.sagepub.com/pb-assets/UX3/Images/logo-new-1685528515400.svg%20)](https://journals.sagepub.com/) [Search this journal**](#) * [Search this journal](#pane-91a67f5d-48d7-493e-912e-2af5faaaceef0) * [Search all journals](#pane-91a67f5d-48d7-493e-912e-2af5faaaceef1) Enter search terms... SearchSearch**[Advanced search](https://journals.sagepub.com/search/advanced?SeriesKey=pmsb) Enter search terms... SearchSearch**[Advanced search](https://journals.sagepub.com/search/advanced?SeriesKey=pmsb) * [****Search](#) * [****Access/ProfileAccess](#) * [View access options](https://journals.sagepub.com/action/showLogin?uri=/doi/10.2466/pms.1984.58.2.351) * [View profile](https://journals.sagepub.com/action/showLogin?uri=/doi/10.2466/pms.1984.58.2.351) * [Create profile](https://journals.sagepub.com/action/registration) * [ **Cart0 ](https://journals.sagepub.com/action/showCart?FlowID=1&alt=Empty+cart) [Close Drawer MenuOpen Drawer MenuMenu](#main1) [Perceptual and Motor Skills](https://journals.sa
Everything we examined (3)
This check searched the claim as stated. It did not run a separate search for evidence against it.
  1. PubMed: Assessing elements of women's decisions about mammography.peer-reviewedno side taken
  2. Perceptual Defense and Perceptual Sensitization under Neutral and Involved Conditions *referenceno side taken
  3. Perceptual Defense, a Replicationreferenceno side taken
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held for human review08 Aug 2026
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