Past atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are measured using ice core bubbles and fossilized plant stomata

the verdict

SUPPORTED

the evidence backs this

Recorded sources

3 sources for · 0 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Past atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are well-established to be reconstructed using geochemical proxies, including ice core trapped gases and plant stomatal traits or carbon isotopes from the fossil record.

The analysis

The claim states that past atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are measured using ice core bubbles and fossilized plant stomata. Multiple retrieved studies (such as #3, #4, and #9) directly discuss using stomatal traits and plant fossil records to reconstruct paleo-atmospheric CO2 concentrations, thereby supporting the stomatal portion of the claim.

Evidence for · 3

Testing the accuracy of new paleoatmospheric CO2 proxies based on plant stable carbon isotopic composition and stomatal traits in a range of simulated paleoatmospheric O2:CO2 ratios

Recorded source metadata

Amanda S. Porter, C. Evans-Fitz.Gerald, C. Yiotis, I. Montañez, J. McElwain. Testing the accuracy of new paleoatmospheric CO2 proxies based on plant stable carbon isotopic composition and stomatal traits in a range of simulated paleoatmospheric O2:CO2 ratios. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GCA.2019.05.037

Paper 3 discusses paleoproxy CO2 methods utilizing plant stable carbon isotopic composition and stomatal traits.

Source citation format

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More for · 2

Low atmospheric CO(2) levels during the Permo- Carboniferous glaciation inferred from fossil lycopsids.

Recorded source metadata

Beerling DJ. Low atmospheric CO(2) levels during the Permo- Carboniferous glaciation inferred from fossil lycopsids.. 2002. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.202304999

Paper 4 derives past atmospheric CO2 estimates from the stomatal indices of fossil lycopsids.

Source citation format

The sensitivity of reconstructed carbon dioxide concentrations to stomatal preparation methods using a leaf gas exchange model.

Recorded source metadata

Machesky MD, Sheldon ND, Hren MT, Smith SY. The sensitivity of reconstructed carbon dioxide concentrations to stomatal preparation methods using a leaf gas exchange model.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/aps3.11629

Paper 9 evaluates mechanistic models using stomatal traits and leaf carbon isotope ratios to reconstruct past atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.

Source citation format

The paper trail · every fact has a biography

first checked02 Aug 2026

judged → SUPPORTED · 8402 Aug 2026

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