Newton-meters and milliNewtons represent fundamentally different physical quantities.
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Reference literature establishes that a Newton-meter is a unit of torque or energy combining force and length dimensions, whereas a millinewton represents a fraction of force alone, verifying that they represent fundamentally different physical quantities.
Paul Quincey makes a compelling argument for recognizing angle as a base quantity with the radian as the base unit. Solid angle is then a derived quantity with the steradian a coherent derived unit equal to one square radian. The author demonstrates how familiar equations of rotational motion appear to result from dimensionally consistent explicit-radian equations by ‘setting the radian equal to one’—which he calls the radian convention. Quincey also claims, based (solely) on assumed analogies with translational motion, that for rotation, the so-called ‘improved’ units for torque, angular momentum and moment of inertia must be J/rad, J/(rad/s) and J/(rad/s)2, respectively, and that the conventional units (N m, kg m2 s−1 and kg m2) result from application of the radian convention to these quantities. However, based on fundamental physical principles, I show here that, although the radian convention may help in understanding a confusing notational change applied to angular displacement and its time derivatives when comparing explicit-radian equations to their equivalent familiar forms, it cannot be applied to torque, angular momentum or moment of inertia. The dimensionally correct SI units for these quantities are, respectively, the well-established angle-independent units: newton metre, kilogram metre-squared per second and kilogram metre-squared.
# Is Nm the same unit of torque as mN?
Tags: torque, units, dimensional-analysis, si-units, textbook-erratum
- Score: 37
- Views: 11224
- Answers: 6
- Answered: yes
- Asked by: Abdullah Alhussni (499 rep)
- Asked: 2020-08-24
- Edited: 2020-08-28
- Site: physics
## Question
A couple of days ago, I noticed that the torque unit used by my teachers is $mN$, and while reading on the internet it came to my notice that in all textbooks the official unit is $Nm$.
I asked one teacher about it and he insisted that I'm wrong, and while I told him that I read it on Wikipedia, he said that the sources or references used by Wikipedia aren't necessarily correct and I think I agree with him on that.
I checked my book and the only time it's mentioned is while discussing string torsion (I explained how it appears at the end of the post) but while solving problems, all our physics teachers us $mN$.
All of my teachers convince us using the idea that torque should be distinguished from energy since their units have the same dimensions and they represent different quantities (and I agree on this one) and that torque is the cross product between position vector and force to further support their poin
Newton-metre
The newton-metre (also non-hyphenated, newton metre; also known as newton-meter; symbol N⋅m or N m) is the unit of torque(also called moment of force) in the International System of Units(SI). One newton-metre is equal to the torque resulting from a force of one newton applied perpendicularly to the end of a moment arm that is one metre long.
The unit is also used less commonly as a unit of work, or energy, in which case it is equivalent to the more common and standard SI unit of energy, the joule. In this usage the metre term represents the distance travelled or displacement in the direction of the force, and not the perpendicular distance from a fulcrum (i.e. the lever arm length) as it does when used to express torque. This usage is generally discouraged, since it can lead to confusion as to whether a given quantity expressed in newton-metres is a torque or a quantity of energy. "Even though torque has the same dimension as energy (SI unit joule), the joule is never used for expressing torque".
Newton-metres and joules are dimensionally equivalent in the sense that they have the same expression in SI base units,
1 N ⋅ m = 1 kg ⋅ m 2 s 2 , 1 J = 1 k g ⋅ m 2 s 2 {
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