Retrieved medical literature confirms that most sexually active people are infected with HPV at some point in their lives, establishing it as the most common sexually transmitted infection.
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection represents the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. The best weapon to control the HPV infection is the primary prevention that includes interventions related to lifestyle and sexual habits and HPV-vaccination. HPV vaccination must be recommended not only for young girls, but also for boys, MSM and HIV-infected people. People Living with HIV (PLWHA) have high rates of persistent HPV infection if compared with HIV-uninfected people. Several data from HIV negative population have confirmed vaccine safety and efficacy, but there is limited data available on the efficacy of the vaccine among HIV-infected people. In this review, we considered the studies published about anti-HPV vaccination in PLWHA that we found performing a research on PUBMED (Bethesda, MD, USA) with the aim to point out the main aspects of vaccination in this particular population.
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a group of more than 150 related viruses. They are called papillomaviruses because some of them cause papillomas, which are more commonly known as warts. Some types of HPV only grow in skin, while others grow in mucous membranes such as the mouth, throat, or vagina. All types of HPV are spread by contact (touch). More than 40 types of HPV can be passed on through sexual contact. Most sexually active people are infected with one or more of these HPV types at some point in their lives. At least a dozen of these HPV types are known to cause cancer. While HPV infections are very common, cancer caused by HPV is not. Most people infected with HPV will not develop cancer-related to the infection. However, some people with long-lasting infections of high-risk HPV types are at risk of developing cancer. HPV infections of the mucous membranes can cause genital warts, but they usually have no symptoms. There are no effective medicines or other treatments for HPV, other than removing or destroying cells that are known to be infected. But in most people, the body’s immune system controls the HPV infection or gets rid of it over time. To learn more, see HPV and HPV Testing.
CDC researchers also reported results of a study of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) the first study to provide national data on the infection’s prevalence in the U.S. population. At any one time an estimated 20 million people in the U.S. have genital HPV infections that can be transmitted to others and every year about 5.5 million people become infected. There are 30 types of HPV that can infect the genital area. HPV can lead to cervical penile and anal cancer and HPV-16 accounts for 50 percent of all cervical cancer cases. “HPV is likely the most common STD among young sexually active people” concluded the study’s authors. “Given the health consequences of this infection there is a tremendous need for us to better understand how to prevent HPV infection and why it either persists or is cleared up by the body’s immune system so people don’t go on to develop life-threatening complications like cervical cancer.” (excerpt)
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