Monoamine-derived neurotransmitters first appeared early in bilateral invertebrate evolutionary history
the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
confidence 86/100
Evidence across diverse invertebrate lineages, such as annelids, molluscs, and flatworms, demonstrates that monoamine neurotransmitter systems are deeply conserved and emerged early in bilateral evolutionary history.
Evidence for · 3
The Nereid on the rise: Platynereis as a model system.
2021 · cited by 64
Platynereis studies demonstrate the presence of conserved neurobiological systems and rope-ladder central nervous systems in marine annelids.
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More for · 2
Physiological Roles of Serotonin in Bivalves: Possible Interference by Environmental Chemicals Resulting in Neuroendocrine Disruption.
2022 · cited by 28
Bivalve molluscs utilize monoamines like serotonin (5-HT) for fundamental physiological and neuroendocrine roles, highlighting an ancient invertebrate origin.
Planarian nociception: Lessons from a scrunching flatworm.
2022 · cited by 11
Planarians (flatworms) share high neurochemical similarities with vertebrates, including conserved neurotransmitter ligands and receptors.