Microwaving water can cause superheating and delayed boiling.
Microwaving water, particularly in smooth containers without nucleation sites, can cause the liquid to become superheated past its boiling point without forming bubbles, leading to delayed and potentially explosive boiling when disturbed.
The retrieved literature includes multiple numerical and experimental studies specifically investigating microwave-induced liquid heating, confirming that water can experience delayed boiling and superheating due to limited bubble nucleation under microwave irradiation. No papers refute the claim.
G. L. Lee, M. Law, V. Lee. Numerical modelling of liquid heating and boiling phenomena under microwave irradiation using OpenFOAM. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.119096
Simulations demonstrate that microwave heating of water results in significant superheating during the initial phase because vapor bubbles do not readily form in the bulk liquid.
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Anthony Ferrari, Jacob Hunt, Albert Stiegman, Gregory Dudley. Microwave-Assisted Superheating and/or Microwave-Specific Superboiling (Nucleation-Limited Boiling) of Liquids Occurs under Certain Conditions but is Mitigated by Stirring. 2015. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules201219793
Temporary superheating and sustained nucleation-limited superboiling of unstirred liquids above the normal boiling point are documented during microwave heating.
G. L. Lee, M. Law, V. Lee. Numerical modelling and investigation of microwave heating and boiling phenomena in binary liquid mixtures using OpenFOAM. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2020.106538
Multiphysics modeling identifies specific mechanisms, such as limited bubble nucleation, that lead to superheating in water and binary mixtures under microwave irradiation.
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