Microwave ovens produce distinct hot spots during operation
the verdict
CONTESTED
contested - the weight sits with the supporting side
refutedsupported
the weight of evidence
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The available literature investigates temperature distribution and uniformity in microwave reheating, but does not specifically establish that microwave ovens produce distinct hot spots during operation.
The taste quality of ready-to-eat rice is influenced by the uniformity of temperature distribution during microwave reheating. The temperature distribution uniformity of ready-to-eat rice loaded in a rectangular lunch box is investigated under microwave reheating. The results show that with a 10-80 °C temperature increase in the ready-to-eat rice, the thermal conductivity increases, dielectric constant, and specific heat increase and then decrease, while the dielectric loss factor decreases and then slightly increases. The microwave-heating process of ready-to-eat rice exhibits a clear 'corner effect', and the observed 'hot spot' results in poor temperature uniformity in ready-to-eat rice. A metalized packaging structure design is subsequently proposed to ameliorate the temperature non-uniformity. According to comparative results of four metalized packaging forms, the spray film volume and film thickness corresponding to film volume are developed as 3.5×10-4 mL/mm2, 0.30 mm, respectively, which levels off the difference in temperature to improve the temperature distribution uniformity of ready-to-eat rice by microwave reheating.
Microwave: practical cost-effective method for sterilizing urinary catheters in the home. We used a standard microwave oven to sterilize red rubber catheters used for intermittent self-catheterization. Catheters were incubated for sixty minutes in a suspension of microorganisms isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections. For each trial, 6 catheters were removed from their respective suspensions, placed in separate plastic freezer bags, distributed evenly in a microwave oven (avoiding cold spots), and microwaved simultaneously for twelve minutes. A control catheter was not microwaved. Two strains of each microorganism were tested. The urinary isolates were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Enterobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., and Candida sp. In each experiment, all 6 catheters were sterilized. Repeat sterilization in the microwave oven did not affect the integrity of the catheters or the plastic bags. A water heat sink of constant volume was employed. A home microwave oven may be used as a method to sterilize red rubber catheters for reuse with a recommended time of twelve minutes at full power.
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