Larry Niven's fictional Ringworld structure is dynamically unstable
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Reference sources and discussions confirm that Larry Niven's fictional Ringworld structure is dynamically unstable if rigid, as gravitational forces would cause it to drift toward its central star.
Ringworld is a 1970 science fiction novel by Larry Niven, set in his Known Space universe and considered a classic of science fiction literature. Ringworld tells the story of Louis Wu and his companions on a mission to the Ringworld, an enormous rotating ring, an alien construct in space 186 million miles (299 million kilometres) in diameter. Niven later wrote three sequel novels and then cowrote,
The opening chapter of the original paperback edition of Ringworld featured Louis Wu teleporting eastward around the Earth in order to extend his birthday. Moving in this direction would, in fact, make local time later rather than earlier, so that Wu would soon arrive in the early morning of the next calendar day. Niven was "endlessly teased" about this error, which he corrected in subsequent printings to show Wu teleporting westward. In his dedication to The Ringworld Engineers, Niven wrote, "If you own a first paperback edition of Ringworld, it's the one with the mistakes in it. It's worth money."
After the publication of Ringworld, many fans identified numerous engineering problems in the Ringworld as described in the novel. One major one was that the Ringworld, being a rigid structure, was not actually in orbit around the star it encircled and would eventually drift, ultimately colliding with its sun and disintegrating. This led MIT students attending the 1971 Worldcon to chant, "The Ringworld is unstable!" Niven wrote the 1980 sequel The Ringworld Engineers in part to address these engineering issues.
The second chapter refers to standard Earth gravity as 9.98 m/s2 (or even gives the unit as m/s [sic]), while standard Earth…
# Why is Larry Niven's Ringworld Unstable?
Tags: newtonian-mechanics, newtonian-gravity, orbital-motion, celestial-mechanics, stability
- Score: 23
- Views: 11371
- Answers: 3
- Answered: yes
- Asked by: Oak (331 rep)
- Asked: 2012-10-19
- Edited: 2016-07-07
- Site: physics
## Question
In his 1970 science fiction novel Ringworld, author Larry Niven describes the eponymous Ringworld, a gigantic structure shaped as a ring with a radius of around 1 AU, rotating around a star in the center of the ring. This system is described as physically stable; however many readers have complained that it is actually unstable and the structure will drift away in time.
My first thought reading this is that the Ringworld's center of mass is identical to the star's center of mass, so the system should be stable. Why is it unstable?
Some additional details of the structure:
Radius: ~1 AU
Mass: ~1 Solar Mass
Year duration: ~220 hours
The Ringworld is also made of material strong enough to withstand the stresses affecting it in such a system.
## Answers
### Answer by dmckee --- ex-moderator kitten (score: 16 [ACCEPTED])
It is only for a spherically symmetric shape that you can treat an extende
Under what conditions is Niven's Ringworld unstable? - Factual Questions - Straight Dope Message Board = 40rem)" rel="stylesheet" data-target="desktop" /> = 40rem)" rel="stylesheet" data-target="discourse-ai_desktop" /> = 40rem)" rel="stylesheet" data-target="poll_desktop" /> = 40rem)" rel="stylesheet" data-target="desktop_theme" data-theme-id="15" data-theme-name="straight dope light"/>
# Under what conditions is Niven's Ringworld unstable?
ZenBeam December 19, 2013, 7:26pm 1
The thread Culture Orbital: Mass and orbit questions reminded me of something I’ve wondered about Niven’s Ringworld. It’s unstable if the ring is rigid, in that if the Ringworld isn’t perfectly centered, the near side will be more attracted to the Sun.
What if it isn’t rigid? If scrith was a little stretchy, its circumference would depend on how fast it was spinning. If it was a little off-center, the part of it moving a little closer to the Sun could speed up, and the part moving away could slow down, just like a body in a regular, stable orbit would do. That means the nearer part would be stretched a little more, and have less mass per unit arc length than the part farther away.
Could scrith be stretch
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