Irradiation of NaCl traps electrons in crystal lattice vacancies.

the verdict

SUPPORTED

the evidence backs this

Recorded sources

2 sources for · 0 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Irradiating sodium chloride crystals causes electrons to be trapped at crystal lattice vacancies, forming color centers such as F-centers.

The analysis

The retrieved literature, particularly studies investigating radiation effects and color centers in NaCl single crystals, consistently shows that irradiation induces F-centers, which correspond to electrons trapped in halogen vacancy sites within the crystal lattice.

Evidence for · 2

Color centers in NaCl single crystals induced by pulsed intense relativistic electron beams to simulate radiation bursts in Europa

Recorded source metadata

R. Toba, T. Kikuchi, G. Imada, G. Thorogood, Naoya Hayashi, H. Maynard-Casely, H. Suematsu, T. Nakayama, Tsuneo Suzuki, K. Niihara. Color centers in NaCl single crystals induced by pulsed intense relativistic electron beams to simulate radiation bursts in Europa. 2019. https://doi.org/10.7567/1347-4065/ab04a0

Paper 3 demonstrates that irradiation of NaCl single crystals induces F-centers (electron color centers trapped at lattice vacancies).

Source citation format

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More for · 1

Color centers in K–Na–Cl crystals induced by pulsed intense relativistic electron beam at 77 K

Recorded source metadata

Yoji Namioka, Taisei Kurosaki, T. Kikuchi, Do Thi My Dung, T. Nakayama, H. Suematsu, G. Thorogood. Color centers in K–Na–Cl crystals induced by pulsed intense relativistic electron beam at 77 K. 2021. https://doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ac2c52

Paper 6 confirms that irradiating NaCl-containing crystals creates F-centers representing electrons trapped in lattice vacancies.

Source citation format

The paper trail · every fact has a biography

first checked01 Aug 2026

judged → SUPPORTED · 7801 Aug 2026

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