Individuals can experience temporary manifestations of dyslexia
While developmental dyslexia is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition, individuals can indeed experience temporary or acquired manifestations of dyslexia later in life resulting from brain damage, stroke, or neurodegenerative diseases.
The claim is that individuals can experience temporary manifestations of dyslexia. Developmental dyslexia is generally a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition; however, neuropsychological and neurological literature extensively document 'acquired dyslexia,' where individuals who previously read normally develop dyslexic symptoms (such as surface or phonological dyslexia) following brain damage, stroke, or neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease. Multiple provided papers (e.g., papers 1, 4, 6, and 7) specifically investigate acquired dyslexia resulting from neurological disruption or damage. Therefore, the claim is supported.
A. Gvion, N. Friedmann. A Principled Relation between Reading and Naming in Acquired and Developmental Anomia: Surface Dyslexia Following Impairment in the Phonological Output Lexicon. 2016. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00340
This study demonstrates acquired dyslexia resulting from brain damage affecting shared lexical components.
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Ya-Ning Chang, S. Welbourne, Steve Furber, M. L. Lambon Ralph. Simultaneous simulations of pure, surface and phonological acquired dyslexia within a full computational model of the primary systems hypothesis.. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2024.07.006
Computational simulations show that damage to primary neural systems can produce various forms of acquired dyslexia.
Shinji Uema, A. Uno, Kosei Hashimoto, Ami Sambai. A case of acquired phonological dyslexia with selective impairment of Kanji: analysis of reading impairment mechanism using cognitive neuropsychological models for reading. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/13554794.2022.2050406
This case report documents an individual experiencing acquired phonological dyslexia following neurological impairment.
Assia Boumaraf, S. Brahimi, Samia Ladjali, J. Macoir. The symptoms of surface dyslexia in Arabic: the impact of orthographic ambiguity on reading abilities of a patient with Alzheimer’s disease. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699206.2023.2298993
This study documents acquired surface dyslexia in a patient with Alzheimer's disease, showing that reading impairments can emerge later in life due to neurodegeneration.
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