Individuals can consciously self-induce the placebo effect
Recent research on open-label placebos demonstrates that individuals can consciously experience beneficial placebo effects even when they are fully informed that the treatment is inert.
The retrieved literature (papers 0, 1, and 8) directly supports the premise that open-label placebos can be self-administered or knowingly received with positive psychological and physiological outcomes, without requiring deception. The remaining papers are off-topic medical reviews unrelated to placebos.
Anne Schienle, Wolfgang Kogler, Albert Wabnegger. A randomized trial that compared brain activity, efficacy and plausibility of open-label placebo treatment and cognitive reappraisal for reducing emotional distress. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39806-y
Demonstrates that individuals can benefit from open-label placebos where the inert nature of the treatment is fully disclosed.
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Jens Gaab. Why psychotherapy is an open-label placebo and open-label placebos are psychotherapy. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197645444.003.0018
Discusses open-label placebos as a conscious psychological intervention similar to psychotherapy.
Justyna Brączyk, Przemysław Babel. Can Observational Learning Reinforce Open-label Placebo Hypoalgesia?. 2023. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/4czdn
Confirms that open-label placebos successfully evoke placebo effects such as pain reduction without deception.
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