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the claim
Human directional hearing relies on head-related transfer functions and interaural time differences.
the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
refutedsupported
the weight of evidence
6 sources for · 0 against

Multiple studies and computational models confirm that human directional and spatial hearing depends on binaural cues, including interaural time differences, and directional filtering via head-related transfer functions.

Evidence for · 6
Optimized feature gains explain and predict successes and failures of human selective listening.
2026 · cited by 4
Optimized feature gains in neural networks account for human selective listening, utilizing binaural audio cues including spatial location.
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The analysis

The claim states that human directional hearing relies on head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) and interaural time differences (ITDs). The provided literature contains multiple direct sources (such as papers 4, 6, 7, and 9) confirming the critical role of HRTFs and binaural cues (ITDs/ITFs) in auditory localization and directional hearing. No retrieved papers contradict this standard auditory science principle.

More for · 5
A multi-stage auditory model for binaural sound localization using the locally competitive algorithm.
2025 · cited by 1
A brain-inspired neural network model achieves high accuracy in sound localization by leveraging binaural cues such as ITDs alongside spectral cues.
Sound Source Localization Using Head-Related Transfer Functions and Weighted Error Function
2019 · cited by 1
A sound source localization method demonstrates the use of head-related transfer functions and interaural transfer functions for determining acoustic direction.
Explicit cue weighting in a Bayesian model of auditory localization: Quantifying the relative contributions of binaural and spectral cuesa).
2026 · cited by 0
A Bayesian model of auditory localization incorporates binaural and spectral cues, matching psychoacoustic principles of spatial hearing.
Is it inside my head? Characterization of sound externalization in schizophrenia.
2026 · cited by 0
Patients with schizophrenia showed deficits in utilizing anechoic head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) for sound externalization and directional perception.
Perceptual evaluation of an auditory model-based similarity metric for head-related transfer functions.
2026 · cited by 0
A Bayesian auditory model successfully predicts human localization performance using head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) to evaluate spatial hearing.
Everything we examined (12)
  1. In vitro expanded human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells suppress effector T cell proliferation.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  2. Optimized feature gains explain and predict successes and failures of human selective listening.peer-reviewedsupports
  3. Hoi1 targets BLTP2 to ER-PM contact sites to regulate lipid homeostasis.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  4. Spatial hearing and temporal processing ability of the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) measured using prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  5. A multi-stage auditory model for binaural sound localization using the locally competitive algorithm.peer-reviewedsupports
  6. Sperm-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (Sperm-EVs), Emerging Biomarkers and Functional Modulators in Male Infertility and Assisted Reproduction.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  7. Sound Source Localization Using Head-Related Transfer Functions and Weighted Error Functionpeer-reviewedsupports
  8. Explicit cue weighting in a Bayesian model of auditory localization: Quantifying the relative contributions of binaural and spectral cuesa).peer-reviewedsupports
  9. Is it inside my head? Characterization of sound externalization in schizophrenia.peer-reviewedsupports
  10. Perceptual evaluation of an auditory model-based similarity metric for head-related transfer functions.peer-reviewedsupports
  11. Short-Term Statistical Learning Mitigates the Ill-Posed Problem of Sound Localization.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  12. An Augmented Reality Audio-Motor Training Game for Improving Speech-in-Noise Perception: Single-Arm Pilot Feasibility Study.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
The paper trail · every fact has a biography
first checked05 Aug 2026
judged → SUPPORTED · 7905 Aug 2026
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