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the claim
Hiccups are caused by involuntary contractions of the diaphragm
the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
refutedsupported
the weight of evidence
2 sources for · 0 against

Hiccups are well-established medically as being caused by involuntary contractions of the diaphragm, typically followed by the sudden closure of the glottis.

Evidence for · 2
Identifying the Hiccup-Induced Esophagogastric Waveform: A Case Series Report Using High-Resolution Manometry.
2024 · cited by 3
Paper 9 explicitly states that hiccups result from involuntary contractions of the diaphragm driven by a complex neuromuscular reflex.
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The analysis

The claim is a specific, empirical medical fact that is directly supported by the retrieved literature, specifically papers discussing the physiological definition and mechanisms of hiccups.

More for · 1
The action of aripiprazole and brexpiprazole at the receptor level in <i>singultus</i>.
2021 · cited by 3
Paper 10 notes that a hiccup is an involuntary periodic contraction of the diaphragm followed by glottic closure.
The paper trail · every fact has a biography
first checked04 Aug 2026
judged → SUPPORTED · 7904 Aug 2026
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