Hartree-Fock is the only method available for solving the many-electron Schrödinger equation.
Hartree-Fock is not the only method available for solving the many-electron Schrödinger equation; numerous alternative and advanced techniques—such as density functional theory, coupled-cluster theory, quantum Monte Carlo, and configuration interaction—are widely used in computational chemistry and physics.
The claim asserts that Hartree-Fock is the *only* method available for solving the many-electron Schrödinger equation. Multiple retrieved papers explicitly discuss alternative approaches, such as density functional theory (DFT), coupled-cluster theory, quantum Monte Carlo, configuration interaction, and neural network quantum states. Therefore, the claim is definitively refuted.
Schäfer T, Irmler A, Gallo A, Grüneis A. Understanding discrepancies in noncovalent interaction energies from wavefunction theories for large molecules.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64104-8
Discusses coupled-cluster theory and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo as alternative or advanced many-electron theories.
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Niazi SK. Quantum Mechanics in Drug Discovery: A Comprehensive Review of Methods, Applications, and Future Directions.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136325
Lists density functional theory (DFT), Hartree-Fock, QM/MM, and fragment molecular orbital methods as multiple approaches used in quantum mechanics for drug discovery.
Shang H, Guo C, Wu Y, Li Z, Yang J. Solving the many-electron Schrödinger equation with a transformer-based framework.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63219-2
Introduces QiankunNet, a neural network quantum state framework solving the many-electron Schrödinger equation beyond traditional Hartree-Fock.
Bauman N, Cunha LA, DePrince AE 3rd, Flick J, Foley JJ 4th, Govind N, Groenhof G, Hoffmann N, Kowalski K, Li X, Liebenthal M, Maitra NT, Manderna R, Matoušek M, Mazin IM, Mejia-Rodriguez D, Panyala A, Peng B, Peyton B, Veis L, Vu N, Weidman JD, Wilson AK, Zarotiadis RA, Zhang Y. Perspective on Many-Body Methods for Molecular Polaritonic Systems.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.5c00801
Reviews a wide landscape of many-body methods including density functional theory, configuration interaction, coupled cluster, and quantum Monte Carlo.
Graf D, Drontschenko V, Stan-Bernhardt A, Ochsenfeld C. Quantum chemistry - from the first steps to linear-scaling electronic structure methods.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2025-0603
Notes that many quantum-chemical approximations have been introduced since the Schrödinger equation's formulation to address the many-electron problem.
Kitsaras MP, Stopkowicz S. Exploitation of Complex Abelian Point Groups in Quantum-Chemical Calculations.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.6c00998
Examines post-Hartree-Fock calculations, which inherently rely on methods beyond basic Hartree-Fock.
Shajan A, Kaliakin D, Liang F, Pellegrini T, Doga H, Bhowmik S, Das S, Mezzacapo A, Motta M, Merz KM Jr. Molecular Quantum Computations on a Protein.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.6c00364
Utilizes various wave function-based and configuration interaction methods like MP2 and CCSD rather than relying solely on Hartree-Fock.
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