Multiple studies using multi-model ensembles and detection-attribution frameworks demonstrate that greenhouse gases significantly increase ocean temperatures and heat storage.
Evidence for · 5
Global upper ocean heat storage response to radiative forcing from changing solar irradiance and increasing greenhouse gas/aerosol concentrations
1998 · cited by 51
Paper [2] links the 0.15 K increase in global average upper ocean depth-weighted temperature from 1955 to 1996 to increased atmospheric greenhouse gas and aerosol surface radiative forcing.
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More for · 4
Quantifying human contributions to past and future ocean warming and thermosteric sea level rise
2019 · cited by 34
Paper [3] uses a detection and attribution framework to show that historical ocean warming is detectable and attributable to greenhouse gas forcing and aggregate anthropogenic forcing.
Indo-Pacific warm pool present warming attribution and future projection constraint
2022 · cited by 21
Paper [4] finds that more than 95% of the rapid warming and 85% expansion of the observed Indo-Pacific warm pool are attributable to human influence, specifically greenhouse gases and anthropogenic aerosols.
Multi-model attribution of upper-ocean temperature changes using an isothermal approach
2016 · cited by 6
Paper [6] demonstrates that human-induced climate forcings, such as increasing greenhouse gases, have influenced global ocean heat content predominantly via changes in air-sea heat fluxes.
Emergence of the enhanced equatorial Atlantic warming as a fingerprint of global warming.
2025 · cited by 0
Paper [8] shows that enhanced equatorial warming in the Atlantic since the 1950s is primarily attributed to greenhouse gas forcing.