Gravitational time dilation has been experimentally confirmed multiple times
Gravitational time dilation, closely linked to the gravitational redshift, has been repeatedly and precisely confirmed by numerous experiments spanning decades.
The retrieved review papers and specific empirical studies (such as precise clock comparisons) consistently show that gravitational time dilation and the gravitational equivalence principle have been tested and confirmed multiple times to high precision. There are no refuting papers; paper [10] debates the interpretation of atom interferometers specifically testing redshift at the Compton frequency rather than disputing gravitational time dilation itself.
Will CM. The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment.. 2014. https://doi.org/10.12942/lrr-2014-4
Reviews general relativity tests, noting that Einstein's equivalence principle and gravitational redshift/time dilation are well supported by numerous experiments.
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Will CM. The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment.. 2006. https://doi.org/10.12942/lrr-2006-3
Lists gravitational redshift experiments among the robust evidence supporting Einstein's equivalence principle.
Will CM. The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment.. 2001. https://doi.org/10.12942/lrr-2001-4
Confirms that gravitational redshift and related relativistic effects are well supported by past and ongoing experiments.
Zheng X, Dolde J, Cambria MC, Lim HM, Kolkowitz S. A lab-based test of the gravitational redshift with a miniature clock network.. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40629-8
Performs a precise laboratory test of the gravitational redshift (time dilation) using atomic clock arrays, finding results consistent with general relativity.
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