Geological processes concentrate high amounts of thorium on beaches in India.
Geological studies of Indian coastal regions demonstrate that wave action and river transport concentrate heavy minerals like monazite, resulting in exceptionally high levels of thorium in beach sands.
Multiple peer-reviewed geological and geochemical studies consistently document high concentrations of thorium-bearing minerals (such as monazite) within beach placer deposits across various coastal regions in India, supporting the claim.
N. Veerasamy, R. Murugan, S. Kasar, K. Inoue, N. Kavasi, S. Balakrishnan, H. Arae, M. Fukushi, S. Sahoo. Geochemical characterization of monazite sands based on rare earth elements, thorium and uranium from a natural high background radiation area in Tamil Nadu, India.. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106565
This study confirms that the Kanyakumari coastal area in Tamil Nadu is a high background radiation area due to high concentrations of thorium-rich monazite in beach placer deposits.
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Bhaskar Chandra ACHARYA, Prasanta Kumar PANIGRAHY, Binod Bihari NAYAK, Rama Krishna SAHOO. Heavy Mineral Placer Deposits of Ekakula Beach, Gahiramatha Coast, Orissa, India. 1998. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-3928.1998.tb00012.x
This paper reports heavy mineral placer deposits including monazite containing thorium along the Orissa coast in India.
Thennaarassan Natarajan, Kazumasa Inoue, S. Sahoo. Rare Earth Elements Geochemistry and 234U/238U, 235U/238U Isotope Ratios of the Kanyakumari Beach Placer Deposits: Occurrence and Provenance. 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13070886
This research documents extreme enrichment of thorium and other light rare earth elements in the beach placer sands of Kanyakumari.
D. Singh, S. Basu, B. Mishra, S. Prusty, T. Kundu, R. Rao. Textural and Chemical Characters of Lean Grade Placer Monazite of Bramhagiri Coast, Odisha, India. 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13060742
This study examines placer monazite sands derived from the Eastern Ghats and deposited along the Bramhagiri coast in Odisha, India, containing trace amounts of uranium and thorium.
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