Genetic variation accounts for a significant portion of individual differences in human intelligence test scores.
Multiple behavioral genetic studies and twin designs indicate that genetic variation accounts for a substantial and increasing proportion of individual differences in human intelligence test scores.
The claim is specific, falsifiable, and directly addressed by multiple empirical twin and genetic studies in the literature (e.g., papers 0, 8, 9, 10, and 11), which consistently demonstrate substantial heritability for intelligence test scores and cognitive ability. There are no refuting papers specifically challenging this consensus among the provided texts.
Nele Jacobs, Jim van Os, Catherine Derom, Evert Thiery. Heritability of Intelligence. 2007. https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.10.supp.11
Discusses twin study findings showing significant heritability estimates for children's cognitive ability.
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Ian J Deary, W Johnson, L M Houlihan. Genetic foundations of human intelligence.. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-009-0655-4
Summarizes literature showing that the heritability of intelligence is substantial and increases from childhood into adulthood.
Arthur W Toga, Paul M Thompson. Genetics of brain structure and intelligence.. 2005. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135655
Notes that general cognitive ability (g) is highly heritable across many behavioral and brain-mapping studies.
P M Thompson, T D Cannon, K L Narr, T van Erp, V P Poutanen, M Huttunen, J Lönnqvist, C G Standertskjöld-Nordenstam, J Kaprio, M Khaledy, R Dail, C I Zoumalan, A W Toga. Genetic influences on brain structure.. 2001. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn758
Reports genetic mapping and brain structure findings linked to Spearman's g test performance.
Yoon-Mi Hur, Timothy Bates. Genetic and Environmental Influences on Cognitive Abilities in Extreme Poverty.. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1017/thg.2019.92
Observes substantial genetic influence (30-40%) on cognitive abilities even within populations experiencing extreme poverty.
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