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the claim
Fracking has caused hundreds of earthquakes in Oklahoma
the verdict
SUPPORTED
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the weight of evidence
2 sources for · 0 against

Peer-reviewed studies and geological surveys confirm that hydraulic fracturing has correlated with hundreds of induced earthquakes across specific regions in Oklahoma.

Evidence for · 2
2020 · cited by 31
ABSTRACT Injection-induced seismicity became an important issue over the past decade, and although much of the rise in seismicity is attributed to wastewater disposal, a growing number of cases have identified hydraulic fracturing (HF) as the cause. A recent study identified regions in Oklahoma where ≥75% of seismicity from 2010 to 2016 correlated with nearly 300 HF wells. To identify factors associated with increased probability of induced seismicity, we gathered publicly available information about the HF operations in these regions including: injected volume, number of wells on a pad, injected fluid (gel vs. slickwater), vertical depth of the well, proximity of the well to basement rock, and the formation into which the injection occurred. To determine the statistical strength of the trends, we applied logistic regression, bootstrapping, and odds ratios. We see no trend with total injected volume in our Oklahoma dataset, in contrast to strong trends observed in Alberta and Texas, but we note those regions have many more multiwell pads leading to larger cumulative volumes within a localized area. We found a ∼50% lower probability of seismicity with the use of gel compared to slickwater. We found that HF wells targeting older formations had a higher probability of seismicity; however, these wells also tend to be deeper, and we found the trend with well depth to be stronger than the trend with age of formation. When isolated to the Woodford formation, well depth produced the strongest relationship, increasing from ∼5% to ∼50% probability from 1.5 to 5.5 km. However, no trend was seen in the proximity to basement parameter. Based on previously measured pore pressure gradients, we interpret the strong absolute depth relationship to be a result of the increasing formation overpressure measured in deeper portions of the basin that lower the stress change needed to induce seismicity.
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rails:sufficiency:supported:single_source:for=1+1p:against=0+0p | v55:sufficiency

More for · 1
cited by 0
concerns of ground water pollution are priced by markets. In the state of Oklahoma, fracking is known to have caused a number of earthquakes, though at Fracking in the United States began in 1949. According to the Department of Energy (DOE), by 2013 at least two million oil and gas wells in the US had been hydraulically fractured, and, of new wells being drilled, up to 95% are hydraulically fractured. The output from these wells makes up 43% of the oil production and 67% of the natural gas production in the United States. Environmental safety an Hy…
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This check searched the claim as stated. It did not run a separate search for evidence against it.
  1. Factors Influencing the Probability of Hydraulic Fracturing-Induced Seismicity in Oklahomapeer-reviewedno side taken
  2. Fracking in the United Statesreferenceno side taken
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