Falcon 9 uses RP-1 and LOX rather than hydrogen for higher density and simplified storage
Falcon 9 uses RP-1 (a refined form of kerosene) and liquid oxygen (LOX) as propellants to achieve high density and simplified storage compared to cryogenic hydrogen.
The retrieved literature (specifically paper 1) explicitly confirms that the Falcon 9 uses RP-1 and liquid oxygen. The claim's reasoning regarding higher density and simplified storage compared to hydrogen is well-established aerospace knowledge supported by the properties of hydrocarbon versus hydrogen fuels discussed across general rocket propulsion literature.
I. Kokkinakis, D. Drikakis. Atmospheric pollution from rockets. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0090017
Paper 1 explicitly models the Falcon 9 rocket as using RP-1 as the propellant and liquid oxygen as the oxidizer.
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Huang AM, Xu Y. Estimating CO2 emissions due to present and future suborbital space tourism industry.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0328456
Paper 10 notes that kerosene (RP-1) and dense hydrocarbons are utilized in various rockets for operational and physical characteristics compared to hydrogen.
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