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the claim
English is the primary language of scientific communication in European research institutions
the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
refutedsupported
the weight of evidence
6 sources for · 0 against

Evidence shows that English is widely accepted and functions as the primary lingua franca for scientific communication, publication, and policymaking within European research and higher education institutions.

Evidence for · 6
Is multilingualism seen as added-value in bibliodiversity?: A literature review focussed on business and research contexts
2019 · cited by 13
Notes that English is widely accepted and promoted as the primary language of communication in European research and innovation policies.
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The analysis

Judged against the evidence record for claims of this kind.

More for · 5
English as a lingua franca discourse in European Union higher education and research policy
2024 · cited by 1
Discusses the rapid expansion and use of English as a lingua franca in European Union research sectors.
Wikipedia: English language
cited by 0
Reference article covering this claim directly
Greenwood Press: International handbook of psychology
1987 · cited by 0
States English is the primary language of scholarship and science in international psychology associated with research institutions.
Lietuvių Kalba: Tradition and Development of Lithuanian Terminology
2024 · cited by 0
Notes the historical prevalence of science in international languages (such as English) in European contexts.
English language proficiency, perception and competence among the academic staff of public universities in Kosovo.
2025 · cited by 0
Shows English is vital for research and communication in European universities (Kosovo), though focuses on a specific region.
Everything we examined (31) — 24 independent sources
This check searched the claim as stated. It did not run a separate search for evidence against it.
  1. Wikipedia: English languagereferencesupports
  2. Book: The Routledge Handbook of Language and Sciencereferencesame source L2no side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  3. Book: Evolving Agendas in European English-Medium Higher Educationreferencesupportsnot shown: a book whose author and subject did not establish authority here
  4. Book: Communicating European Research 2005referenceno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  5. Book: Scientific Discourse and the Rhetoric of Globalizationreferencesupportsnot shown: a book whose author and subject did not establish authority here
  6. Book: Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapyreferencesupportsnot shown: a book whose author and subject did not establish authority here
  7. Book: The Routledge Handbook of Spanish Translation Studiesreferencesame source L2no side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  8. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Animal Communicationreferencesame source L7no side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  9. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Social Institutionsreferencesame source L7no side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  10. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Scientific Research and Big Datareferencesame source L7no side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  11. Collegium Budapest: Three social science disciplines in central and eastern Europe : handbook on economics, political science and sociology (1989-2001)referenceno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  12. Emerald: University writing : selves and texts in academic societiesreferenceno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  13. Routledge: The Routledge handbook of multilingualismreferencesame source L2no side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  14. Wiley-Blackwell: The encyclopedia of applied linguisticsreferenceno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  15. Palgrave Macmillan: The grants register 2008 : the complete guide to postgraduate funding worldwidereferencesame source L11no side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  16. Palgrave Macmillan: The grants register 2005referencesame source L11no side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  17. Palgrave Macmillan: The grants register 2005referencesame source L11no side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  18. Greenwood Press: International handbook of psychologyreferencesupports
  19. Health Services and Delivery Research: Access to and interventions to improve maternity care services for immigrant women: a narrative synthesis systematic reviewpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  20. Health Technology Assessment: Optimal provision of opiate substitution therapy and needle and syringe programmes: a multi-method realist evaluationpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  21. Lietuvių Kalba: Tradition and Development of Lithuanian Terminologypeer-reviewedsame source L15supports
  22. Lietuvių Kalba: Tradition and Development of Lithuanian Terminologypeer-reviewedsame source L15supports
  23. Актуальні проблеми української лінгвістики: теорія і практика: Semiotic resources of gustatory modality in healthy beverage advertising (based on English)peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  24. Public Health Research: Impacts of EU Tobacco Products Directive regulations on use of e-cigarettes in adolescents in Great Britain: a natural experiment evaluationpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  25. OpenAIRE: DEVELOPING LEXICAL COMPETENCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS THROUGH SPORTS GAMES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSESpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  26. OpenAIRE: CROSS-CULTURAL AWARENESS IN DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIVE FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMPETENCE OF MAJORS IN AVIATIONpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  27. OpenAIRE: The Implementation of Common European Framework of References (CEFR): What Are the Effects Towards LINUS Students’ Achievements?peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  28. OpenAIRE: Caracterización de la aprobación del idioma inglés en la educación en medicina y diferencias por géneropeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  29. Is multilingualism seen as added-value in bibliodiversity?: A literature review focussed on business and research contextspeer-reviewedsupports
  30. English as a lingua franca discourse in European Union higher education and research policypeer-reviewedsupports
  31. English language proficiency, perception and competence among the academic staff of public universities in Kosovo.peer-reviewedsupports
The paper trail · every fact has a biography
first checked06 Aug 2026
judged → SUPPORTED · 8206 Aug 2026
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