Electronic cigarettes have negative effects on dental health
Multiple in vitro, microbiological, and clinical studies indicate that electronic cigarette use is associated with adverse oral health outcomes, including gingival inflammation, periodontal disease, xerostomia, and altered oral microbiomes.
The claim that electronic cigarettes have negative effects on dental and oral health is well-supported by peer-reviewed studies examining periodontal health, oral cellular toxicity, and microbiome shifts. Papers [3], [5], [8], [9], and [11] all present converging evidence of adverse oral health sequelae linked to vaping. There are no papers refuting the claim, making the verdict SUPPORTED.
Isaac K. Sundar, Fawad Javed, Georgios E. Romanos, Irfan Rahman. E-cigarettes and flavorings induce inflammatory and pro-senescence responses in oral epithelial cells and periodontal fibroblasts. 2016. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.12857
Sundar et al. (2016) demonstrated that e-cigarettes cause oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular damage in oral epithelial cells and periodontal fibroblasts.
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Richard Holliday, Benjamin W. Chaffee, Nicholas S. Jakubovics, Ralf Kist, Philip M. Preshaw. Electronic Cigarettes and Oral Health. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345211002116
Binnie et al. (2021) noted that epidemiological studies highlight concerns regarding oral dryness, irritation, and gingival diseases associated with vaping.
Scott C. Thomas, Fangxi Xu, Smruti Pushalkar, Ziyan Lin, Nirali Thakor, Mridula Vardhan, Zia Flaminio, Alireza Khodadadi‐Jamayran, Rebeca Vasconcelos, Adenike Akapo, Erica Queiroz, Maria Bederoff, Malvin N. Janal, Yuqi Guo, Deanna Aguallo, Terry Gordon, Patricia Corby, Angela R. Kamer, Xin Li, Deepak Saxena. Electronic Cigarette Use Promotes a Unique Periodontal Microbiome. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00075-22
Pushalkar et al. (2022) found that electronic cigarette use promotes a unique periodontal microbiome associated with periodontal risks.
Qing Zhang, Cai Wen. The risk profile of electronic nicotine delivery systems, compared to traditional cigarettes, on oral disease: a review. 2023. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1146949
Romano et al. (2023) reviewed risks and indicated that ENDS components have cytotoxic properties that increase susceptibility to periodontal disease and oral lesions.
Kumar PS, Beverly ML, Galindo-Fernandez P, Thompson W, Verma M, Shick E. To Vape or Not to Vape: Oral Health in the Age of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2026.109523
Al-Rawi et al. (2026) reported higher risks of caries, xerostomia, gingival inflammation, and periodontal disease among e-cigarette users compared to non-users.
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