Cyclobutadiene undergoes a Jahn-Teller effect.
Cyclobutadiene undergoes structural distortion to relieve its antiaromatic instability, a phenomenon directly tied to Jahn-Teller effects.
Papers [1] and [4] explicitly discuss cyclobutadiene and its analogues undergoing distortion (such as Jahn-Teller distortion or similar symmetry-breaking geometric distortion) to stabilize their antiaromatic electronic structures. None of the papers refute this well-established chemical fact.
Suzuki K, Numata Y, Fujita N, Hayakawa N, Tanikawa T, Hashizume D, Tamao K, Fueno H, Tanaka K, Matsuo T. A stable free tetragermacyclobutadiene incorporating fused-ring bulky EMind groups.. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cc09443d
Notes that the antiaromaticity of cyclobutadiene analogues is stabilized by Jahn-Teller distortion yielding a rhombic structure.
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Keuter J, Hepp A, Daniliuc CG, Feldt M, Lips F. Cycloadditions with a Stable Charge-Separated Cyclobutadiene-Type Amido-Substituted Silicon Ring Compound.. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202104341
Describes cyclobutadiene analogues as featuring distorted ring geometries (charge-separated structures with distinct bond lengths) characteristic of Jahn-Teller distortion in antiaromatic rings.
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