COVID-19 induced anosmia and hyposmia persist for months in affected patients
Multiple clinical studies and reviews substantiate that COVID-19-induced anosmia and hyposmia can persist for months or even years as part of long-COVID syndrome.
The claim is specific and falsifiable, passing Step 0. Retrieved papers consistently report that a significant subset of COVID-19 patients experience persistent olfactory dysfunction (anosmia and hyposmia) lasting for several months or longer. There is no evidence refuting this finding.
G. Batiha, H. Al-kuraishy, A. Al-Gareeb, Nermeen N. Welson. Pathophysiology of Post-COVID syndromes: a new perspective. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-022-01891-2
This review highlights that olfactory disorders are among the persistent symptoms of post-COVID syndrome lasting for months.
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Liu ZY, Vaira LA, Boscolo-Rizzo P, Walker A, Hopkins C, Hopkins C. Post-viral olfactory loss and parosmia.. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjmed-2022-000382
The paper notes that the incidence of long-term post-viral olfactory loss after SARS-CoV-2 infection affects a substantial proportion of patients.
L. Clemente, Marianna la Rocca, N. Quaranta, L. Iannuzzi, E. Vecchio, Antonio Brunetti, E. Gentile, Michele Dibattista, Simona Lobasso, V. Bevilacqua, S. Stramaglia, M. de Tommaso. Prefrontal dysfunction in post-COVID-19 hyposmia: an EEG/fNIRS study. 2023. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2023.1240831
This study evaluates patients with persistent hyposmia at least 12 weeks after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Bian Hu, Mengdan Gong, Yizhen Xiang, Siyuan Qu, Hai Zhu, Dong Ye. Mechanism and treatment of olfactory dysfunction caused by coronavirus disease 2019. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-04719-x
The review identifies persistent olfactory dysfunction as a major, long-term sequela seen after COVID-19.
G. B. Cherobin, R. Guimarães, Márcia C de Paula Gomes, L. O. G. Vasconcelos, Lígia A N de Abreu. Intranasal Insulin for the Treatment of Persistent Post-COVID-19 Olfactory Dysfunction.. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.352
This interventional study treats patients suffering from recalcitrant olfactory dysfunction lasting for more than 60 days post-infection.
Melkumyan K, Simonyan S, Shingala D, Torossian H, Mkrtumyan K, Tulbenjyan M, Hovhannisyan Y, Yenkoyan K. Three-year assessment of cognitive and olfactory disturbances among COVID-19 convalescent patients grouped by olfactory hallucination status in Armenia: A qualitative and quantitative study.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinme.2025.100489
The study examines long-term post-COVID olfactory disturbances extending up to three years post-infection.
Ayoub L, Almarzouki AF, Al-Raddadi R, Al-Raddadi R, Bendary MA. Persistent Post-COVID-19 Olfactory Dysfunction and Its Association with Autonomic Nervous System Function: A Case-Control Study.. 2024. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases13010004
This case-control study reports significantly higher rates of ongoing smell dysfunction in post-COVID-19 patients compared to controls.
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