Cognitive learning ability decreases significantly with older age
Substantial neurobiological, animal, and human behavioral evidence consistently indicates that cognitive learning and memory abilities decline significantly with older age.
The claim that cognitive learning ability decreases significantly with older age is well-supported by multiple retrieved papers examining neurobiological mechanisms, animal models, and human cognitive aging. Papers [0], [3], [4], [6], and [10] provide direct evidence of age-related declines in cognitive domains such as memory, learning, and cognitive flexibility, alongside underlying neural changes (dopamine depletion, reduced hippocampal neurogenesis, altered prefrontal activation). Paper [2] notes that age-related sensory declines can complicate measurement but still acknowledges underlying cognitive aging. No papers refute the general trajectory of cognitive aging.
A. Arnsten, J. Cai, JC Steere, P. Goldman‐Rakic. Dopamine D2 receptor mechanisms contribute to age-related cognitive decline: the effects of quinpirole on memory and motor performance in monkeys. 1995. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-05-03429.1995
Demonstrates that dopamine depletion in older monkeys contributes significantly to age-related cognitive decline.
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Christian Füllgrabe. On the Possible Overestimation of Cognitive Decline: The Impact of Age-Related Hearing Loss on Cognitive-Test Performance. 2020. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00454
Discusses age-related sensory processing deficits that impact cognitive test performance, noting that aging affects mental abilities.
Téo Kronovsek, É. Hermand, A. Berthoz, Alexander Castilla, Matthieu Gallou-Guyot, J. Daviet, A. Perrochon. Age-related decline in visuo-spatial working memory is reflected by dorsolateral prefrontal activation and cognitive capabilities: Running title: Aging effects on visuo-spatial working memory performance and related cerebral oxygenation.. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112981
Shows that older adults exhibit significantly lower visuo-spatial working memory performance and altered cerebral oxygenation compared to young adults.
E. M. Amelchenko, D. V. Bezriadnov, Olga A. Chekhov, K. Anokhin, A. Lazutkin, G. Enikolopov. Age-related decline in cognitive flexibility is associated with the levels of hippocampal neurogenesis. 2023. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1232670
Finds that older mice display impairments in learning, memory, and cognitive flexibility associated with reduced hippocampal neurogenesis.
Dalia Attalla, Alexej Schatz, Katharina Stumpenhorst, York Winter. Cognitive training of mice attenuates age-related decline in associative learning and behavioral flexibility. 2024. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1326501
Observes that older mice perform more poorly in working memory and attention tasks compared to younger counterparts.
K. Park, Samantha L DuBois, Samuel Kibildis, Hadassah Som‐Pimpong, Jarod C Vance, Brittany Armstrong, Christopher N. Wahlheim, Jennifer Etnier. Sleep Quality Moderates Age-Related Decline in Hippocampal-Dependent Memory in Midlife Adults. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaf122.4195
Provides evidence that older age is associated with steeper declines in hippocampal-dependent memory performance, moderated by sleep quality.
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