Christianity's spread southwards from Ethiopia in the Middle Ages was limited by specific factors
The spread of Christianity southwards from Ethiopia during the Middle Ages was constrained by specific factors, notably the resistance of dominant local pagan practices and military conflicts with established regional states.
The retrieved papers provide historical evidence that the expansion of medieval Christianity from Ethiopia southward was hindered by pre-existing local religious practices and strong political resistance from neighboring states, supporting the claim.
Solomon Gebreyes Beyene. Pagan Religious Practices in Medieval Ethiopia: Development and Resistance of the Christian Kingdom (1434–1468). 2022. https://doi.org/10.46586/er.11.2022.9864
Paper [1] notes that the presence and dominance of local pagan practices hindered the expansion of Christianity south of the Aksumite empire until the thirteenth century.
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Anwar Ayano Idris. King Amda Tsiyon (r.1314-1344) territorial expansion to the kingdom of Hadiya, South West Ethiopia. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2022.2139795
Paper [2] highlights that the expansion of the Christian kingdom southwards encountered powerful regional kingdoms like Hadiya, leading to sustained military conflicts.
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