Charged particles can exhibit apparent violations of Newton's third law and momentum conservation
the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
confidence 90/100
Charged particles and particles in nonequilibrium environments can exhibit nonreciprocal interactions, leading to apparent violations of Newton's third law and action-reaction symmetry.
Evidence for · 3
Statistical Mechanics where Newton's Third Law is Broken
2014 · cited by 222
Paper [0] demonstrates that action-reaction symmetry can be broken for mesoscopic particles in nonequilibrium environments.
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More for · 2
Phase coexistence implications of violating Newton's third law.
2022 · cited by 21
Paper [4] explores the macroscopic phase behavior implications of breaking microscopic interaction reciprocity, noting that Newton's third law appears to be routinely violated in certain systems.
Newton's Third Law in the Framework of Special Relativity for Charged Bodies Part 2: Preliminary Analysis of a Nano Relativistic Motor
2022 · cited by 8
Paper [9] examines Newton's third law within the framework of special relativity for charged bodies, specifically evaluating relativistic effects and symmetry breaking.